人民黄河
人民黃河
인민황하
Yellow River
2014年
9期
113-115
,共3页
单轴拉伸仪%抗拉强度%轴向应变%拉伸速率%长径比
單軸拉伸儀%抗拉彊度%軸嚮應變%拉伸速率%長徑比
단축랍신의%항랍강도%축향응변%랍신속솔%장경비
uniaxial tensile tester%tensile strength%axial strain%stretching rate%length-diameter ratio
抗拉强度是土体重要的力学指标之一，为了准确测定其抗拉强度，基于土体结构特性和土工试验方法，研制了一套电动式单轴拉伸仪和制样模具，该仪器拉伸时可连续加载，实时记录轴向荷载和变形大小，试样呈哑铃状，其制作采用一次静压成型技术，保证试样内部结构连续、均匀，并且操作简单方便。以杨凌土作为试验材料，对该仪器的试验性能进行验证，研究单轴抗拉强度随拉伸速率和试样长径比的变化规律。试验结果表明：在一定范围内，单轴抗拉强度的测量值随拉伸速率的增大有增大趋势，而应变随拉伸速率的增大呈下降趋势；受自重和端部效应的影响，单轴抗拉强度随试样长径比的变化规律波动比较大，综合分析2．5是比较合适的长径比。
抗拉彊度是土體重要的力學指標之一，為瞭準確測定其抗拉彊度，基于土體結構特性和土工試驗方法，研製瞭一套電動式單軸拉伸儀和製樣模具，該儀器拉伸時可連續加載，實時記錄軸嚮荷載和變形大小，試樣呈啞鈴狀，其製作採用一次靜壓成型技術，保證試樣內部結構連續、均勻，併且操作簡單方便。以楊凌土作為試驗材料，對該儀器的試驗性能進行驗證，研究單軸抗拉彊度隨拉伸速率和試樣長徑比的變化規律。試驗結果錶明：在一定範圍內，單軸抗拉彊度的測量值隨拉伸速率的增大有增大趨勢，而應變隨拉伸速率的增大呈下降趨勢；受自重和耑部效應的影響，單軸抗拉彊度隨試樣長徑比的變化規律波動比較大，綜閤分析2．5是比較閤適的長徑比。
항랍강도시토체중요적역학지표지일，위료준학측정기항랍강도，기우토체결구특성화토공시험방법，연제료일투전동식단축랍신의화제양모구，해의기랍신시가련속가재，실시기록축향하재화변형대소，시양정아령상，기제작채용일차정압성형기술，보증시양내부결구련속、균균，병차조작간단방편。이양릉토작위시험재료，대해의기적시험성능진행험증，연구단축항랍강도수랍신속솔화시양장경비적변화규률。시험결과표명：재일정범위내，단축항랍강도적측량치수랍신속솔적증대유증대추세，이응변수랍신속솔적증대정하강추세；수자중화단부효응적영향，단축항랍강도수시양장경비적변화규률파동비교대，종합분석2．5시비교합괄적장경비。
Tensile strength is one of the most important mechanical indexes. Based on the structural characteristics of soil and test methods,an e-lectric uniaxial tensile tester and a sample preparation mold were developed,which could determine the test strength accurately. This instrument could exert continuous loads and also could record axial loads and strain in real time. The sample showed in dumbbell-shaped,static preparing method was adopted to prepare the sample,which could guarantee a uniform internal structure and also operated easily. It used Yangling soil to test and verify the function of instrument and to research the uniaxial tensile strength changing with the stretching rate and length-diameter ratio. The test result shows that the uniaxial tensile strength increases with the increase of stretching rate and axial strain decreases with the increase of length-diameter ratio in a certain range;because of the influence of own weight and end effects,comprehensive analysis shows that 2. 5 is an apposite length-diameter ratio.
