发育医学电子杂志
髮育醫學電子雜誌
발육의학전자잡지
Journal of Developmental Medicine (Electronic Version)
2014年
3期
155-160
,共6页
成胜权%强欢%罗建峰%丁翠玲%丁亚楠
成勝權%彊歡%囉建峰%丁翠玲%丁亞楠
성성권%강환%라건봉%정취령%정아남
哮喘%过敏原%儿童
哮喘%過敏原%兒童
효천%과민원%인동
Asthma%Allergens%Children
目的：探讨哮喘患儿吸入性过敏原种类、过敏原分布特点,以及与患儿年龄、性别的关系，为哮喘儿童的临床诊治及预防提供理论依据。方法采用丹麦 ALK-ABELL 公司提供的13种标准化变应原皮肤点刺液，对2008年7月至2013年7月在儿科门诊就诊的653例（男455例，女198例）哮喘患儿进行吸入性过敏原皮肤点刺试验（skin prick test,SPT）；按照年龄<4岁、4～7岁、～14岁分3组，比较不同年龄组及性别哮喘患儿 SPT 阳性率、过敏原种类变化。结果（1）653例 SPT 的总阳性率为62.6％。常见吸入性过敏原依次为粉尘螨266例（40.7%）、屋尘螨265例（40.6%）、热带螨162例（24.8%）、猫毛发皮屑91例（13.9%）、艾蒿89例（13.6%）等。（2）男性SPT 阳性299例，阳性率65.7%；女性 SPT 阳性110例，阳性率55.5%，男性较女性 SPT 阳性率高（P<0.05）。男性过敏原前5位依次为屋尘螨、粉尘螨、热带螨、艾蒿、狗毛发皮屑，女性前5位依次为粉尘螨、屋尘螨、热带螨、艾蒿、猫毛发皮屑。（3）<4岁组女性 SPT 阳性率较男性高（P<0.05），4～7岁组、～14岁组男性 SPT 阳性率较女性高（P<0.05）。（4）3种及3种以上吸入性过敏原SPT，男性阳性率62.6%，女性阳性率50.9%，性别比较差异有显著性（P<0.05）。结论哮喘患儿吸入性过敏原在常见种类上存在性别及年龄差异，表现为屋尘螨、粉尘螨、热带螨、艾蒿均为男女患儿前4位常见过敏原，第5位过敏原男女患儿分别为狗毛发皮屑和猫毛发皮屑；<4岁组女性哮喘患儿 SPT 阳性率较男性高，4～7岁组、～14岁组男性 SPT 阳性率较女性高；男性较女性患儿更容易同时存在3种及3种以上过敏原阳性。
目的：探討哮喘患兒吸入性過敏原種類、過敏原分佈特點,以及與患兒年齡、性彆的關繫，為哮喘兒童的臨床診治及預防提供理論依據。方法採用丹麥 ALK-ABELL 公司提供的13種標準化變應原皮膚點刺液，對2008年7月至2013年7月在兒科門診就診的653例（男455例，女198例）哮喘患兒進行吸入性過敏原皮膚點刺試驗（skin prick test,SPT）；按照年齡<4歲、4～7歲、～14歲分3組，比較不同年齡組及性彆哮喘患兒 SPT 暘性率、過敏原種類變化。結果（1）653例 SPT 的總暘性率為62.6％。常見吸入性過敏原依次為粉塵螨266例（40.7%）、屋塵螨265例（40.6%）、熱帶螨162例（24.8%）、貓毛髮皮屑91例（13.9%）、艾蒿89例（13.6%）等。（2）男性SPT 暘性299例，暘性率65.7%；女性 SPT 暘性110例，暘性率55.5%，男性較女性 SPT 暘性率高（P<0.05）。男性過敏原前5位依次為屋塵螨、粉塵螨、熱帶螨、艾蒿、狗毛髮皮屑，女性前5位依次為粉塵螨、屋塵螨、熱帶螨、艾蒿、貓毛髮皮屑。（3）<4歲組女性 SPT 暘性率較男性高（P<0.05），4～7歲組、～14歲組男性 SPT 暘性率較女性高（P<0.05）。（4）3種及3種以上吸入性過敏原SPT，男性暘性率62.6%，女性暘性率50.9%，性彆比較差異有顯著性（P<0.05）。結論哮喘患兒吸入性過敏原在常見種類上存在性彆及年齡差異，錶現為屋塵螨、粉塵螨、熱帶螨、艾蒿均為男女患兒前4位常見過敏原，第5位過敏原男女患兒分彆為狗毛髮皮屑和貓毛髮皮屑；<4歲組女性哮喘患兒 SPT 暘性率較男性高，4～7歲組、～14歲組男性 SPT 暘性率較女性高；男性較女性患兒更容易同時存在3種及3種以上過敏原暘性。
목적：탐토효천환인흡입성과민원충류、과민원분포특점,이급여환인년령、성별적관계，위효천인동적림상진치급예방제공이론의거。방법채용단맥 ALK-ABELL 공사제공적13충표준화변응원피부점자액，대2008년7월지2013년7월재인과문진취진적653례（남455례，녀198례）효천환인진행흡입성과민원피부점자시험（skin prick test,SPT）；안조년령<4세、4～7세、～14세분3조，비교불동년령조급성별효천환인 SPT 양성솔、과민원충류변화。결과（1）653례 SPT 적총양성솔위62.6％。상견흡입성과민원의차위분진만266례（40.7%）、옥진만265례（40.6%）、열대만162례（24.8%）、묘모발피설91례（13.9%）、애호89례（13.6%）등。（2）남성SPT 양성299례，양성솔65.7%；녀성 SPT 양성110례，양성솔55.5%，남성교녀성 SPT 양성솔고（P<0.05）。남성과민원전5위의차위옥진만、분진만、열대만、애호、구모발피설，녀성전5위의차위분진만、옥진만、열대만、애호、묘모발피설。（3）<4세조녀성 SPT 양성솔교남성고（P<0.05），4～7세조、～14세조남성 SPT 양성솔교녀성고（P<0.05）。（4）3충급3충이상흡입성과민원SPT，남성양성솔62.6%，녀성양성솔50.9%，성별비교차이유현저성（P<0.05）。결론효천환인흡입성과민원재상견충류상존재성별급년령차이，표현위옥진만、분진만、열대만、애호균위남녀환인전4위상견과민원，제5위과민원남녀환인분별위구모발피설화묘모발피설；<4세조녀성효천환인 SPT 양성솔교남성고，4～7세조、～14세조남성 SPT 양성솔교녀성고；남성교녀성환인경용역동시존재3충급3충이상과민원양성。
Objective This study is aimed to investigate the type and distribution features of allergens inhaled by asthma children as well as their relationship with the age and gender of patients, to provide theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of asthma in children. Method 13 types of standardized allergen skin prick liquid, provided by the Danish ALK-ABELL company, were used for inhaled allergen skin prick test (SPT) in 653 cases of children with asthma, treated in the pediatric clinic from July 2008 to July 2013. The patients were divided into three groups by age, <4 years old, 4-7 years old, and 7 -14 years old. The SPT-positive rate and changes of allergens species were compared among these three groups of patients. Result (1)Of the 653 patients,409(62.6%)cases were SPT-positive. The most prevalent inhalant allergens were: Dermatophagns farina in 266 cases(40.7%) , Dermatophagoides pteronyss inus in 265 cases (40.6%), tropical mite in 162 cases (24.8%), cat dander in 91 cases (13.9%), mugwort in 89 cases (13.6%);(2)The SPT-positive rate in males(299 in 455 cases; 65.7%) was greater than that in females (110 in 198 cases; 55.6%; P<0.05)The top 5 allergens were different between males and females. For males, they are house dust mites, dust mites, tropical mites, mugwort, and dog hair allergens, respectively. And for females, the top five allergens were dust mites, house dust mites, tropical mites, mugwort, and cat hair, respectively. (3)For <4 years old patients, the female's SPT-positive rate was higher than male's whereas male's SPT-positive rate was higher than females in groups of 4-7 years old and 7-14 years old. (4) SPT-positive male children is easier than SPT-positive female children with asthma to inhale three or more kinds of allergens(62.6% in male vs. 50.9% in female; P<0.05). Conclusion There are differences of gender and age in common inhalant allergens for children with asthma The top four common allergens were Dermatophagns farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyss inus, tropical mites, and mugwort for both Female and male children, but the fifth common allergens were dog dander and cat dander for male and female, respectively. In <4-year-old group, the SPT-positive rate of male children with asthma is higher than female children while the SPT-positive rate of female children is higher than males in 4-7 years old groupand 7- 14-years old group. Male children with asthma were more likely to inhale three or more allergens.
