CAJ | 학술논문

产甲烷菌对环境变化的敏感性很容易导致厌氧发酵失败，如何保证产甲烷菌的活性是厌氧发酵稳定进行的关键。在考察RY3、SH4、G1、G2和G3产甲烷菌株主要生理生化特征和拮抗作用的基础上，构建了产甲烷复合菌剂，并对产甲烷复合菌剂的 pH 值耐受性、温度耐受性和不同接种量进行了性能评价。结果表明：5株互补共生构建的产甲烷复合菌剂可在pH值5.5～10.5的范围内生长，且在pH值5.5～9.5的范围内培养3 d后甲烷总产量在1706.7～2026.7μmol之间，具有较优良的耐酸碱性能；产甲烷复合菌剂的生长温度范围在15～70℃，且在30～55℃范围内培养3d后甲烷总产量在1906.9～2028μmol之间，温度适应范围宽泛。产甲烷复合菌剂接种量试验表明，在低温20℃下，接种产甲烷合菌剂的试验组比未接种复合菌剂对照组在产甲烷的时间上平均缩短14 d，在高温50℃下，接种产甲烷复合菌剂的试验组比未接种产甲烷复合菌剂的对照组在产甲烷的时间上平均缩短5 d，无论低温还是高温下，复合菌剂的接种均可明显促进产甲烷过程的启动，缩短启动时间。中试产气效果及动力学分析表明，20℃低温下，接种10%复合菌剂的试验组21 d内沼气总产量和甲烷总产量均为接种10%活性污泥试验组的1.6倍；50℃高温下，接种10%复合菌剂的试验组21 d内沼气总产量为接种10%活性污泥试验组的2.7倍，甲烷总产量为2.8倍，无论低温20℃还是高温50℃下，接种复合菌剂的可显著提高厌氧发酵产沼气效率，缩短产甲烷进程，为厌氧发酵系统优化调控提供一种新的技术途径。
산갑완균대배경변화적민감성흔용역도치염양발효실패，여하보증산갑완균적활성시염양발효은정진행적관건。재고찰RY3、SH4、G1、G2화G3산갑완균주주요생리생화특정화길항작용적기출상，구건료산갑완복합균제，병대산갑완복합균제적 pH 치내수성、온도내수성화불동접충량진행료성능평개。결과표명：5주호보공생구건적산갑완복합균제가재pH치5.5～10.5적범위내생장，차재pH치5.5～9.5적범위내배양3 d후갑완총산량재1706.7～2026.7μmol지간，구유교우량적내산감성능；산갑완복합균제적생장온도범위재15～70℃，차재30～55℃범위내배양3d후갑완총산량재1906.9～2028μmol지간，온도괄응범위관범。산갑완복합균제접충량시험표명，재저온20℃하，접충산갑완합균제적시험조비미접충복합균제대조조재산갑완적시간상평균축단14 d，재고온50℃하，접충산갑완복합균제적시험조비미접충산갑완복합균제적대조조재산갑완적시간상평균축단5 d，무론저온환시고온하，복합균제적접충균가명현촉진산갑완과정적계동，축단계동시간。중시산기효과급동역학분석표명，20℃저온하，접충10%복합균제적시험조21 d내소기총산량화갑완총산량균위접충10%활성오니시험조적1.6배；50℃고온하，접충10%복합균제적시험조21 d내소기총산량위접충10%활성오니시험조적2.7배，갑완총산량위2.8배，무론저온20℃환시고온50℃하，접충복합균제적가현저제고염양발효산소기효솔，축단산갑완진정，위염양발효계통우화조공제공일충신적기술도경。
The biogas fermentation is easy to fail resulting from high sensibility of methanogens to environmental change. So how to ensure the activity of methanogens is the key for anaerobic fermentation stability. A methanogenic microbial inoculant was constructed based on the physiological, biochemical characteristics and antagonisms of strain RY3, SH4, G1, G2 and G3. The performances of the inoculant under different pH values, temperatures and application rates of the methanogenic microbial inoculant were evaluated. It showed that the 5 strains had different physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as complementary roles. There were no antagonisms among 5 strains. The methanogenic microbial inoculant grew at pH value 5.5-10.5. Methane productions were 1 706.7-2 026.7μmols at pH value 5.5-9.5 after 3 days’ culture, that of different pH values showed no significant difference respectively. The results indicated that the methanogenic microbial inoculant is resistant to acid and alkali changes. The inoculant grew at 15-70℃ and methane productions were 1 906.9-2 028 μmols at 30-60℃ after 3 days’ culture, that of different temperatures treatment showed no significant difference respectively. The results indicated that the methanogenic microbial inoculant is adapted to a wide temperature range. At 20℃, total biogas yield of treatments 2%, 5%, 10% before 14 day were 234, 422 and 950 mL, and the methane concentration of treatments 2%, 5%, 10% on the 14th day were 46.9%, 51.2% and 58.9%respectively corresponding the treatments with 2%, 5%and 10%inoculation dosages of the methanogenic microbial inoculant. At 50℃, total biogas yield before 14 d were 2728, 3291 and 3 832 mL and the methane concentration on 14th day were 62.7%, 63.1%and 63.8%respectively corresponding the treatments with 2%, 5%and 10%inoculation dosages of the methanogenic microbial inoculant. The results indicated that the inoculation could shorten the starting time for methane production compared to the controls without inoculant at 20 and 50℃. Pilot tests by kinetic analysis indicated that inoculant could still shorten the starting time for methane production compared to the control using anaerobic active sludge as inoculant. At 20℃, total biogas and methane yields of 21 day of the treatment with 10% inoculation dosages of the methanogenic microbial inoculant were both 1.6 times of the control group with 10%inoculation dosages of anaerobic active sludge. At 50℃, total biogas and methane yields of 21 d of the treatment with 10%inoculation dosages of the methanogenic microbial inoculant were 2.7 and 2.8 times of control group with 10% inoculation dosages of anaerobic active sludge, respectively. Overall, this study showed that the methanogenic microbial inoculant could significantly improve the efficiency of biogas production at low temperature and high temperature, and it will provide a new technical way for optimal control on biogas fermentation.