CAJ | 학술논문

冷轧环工艺材料利用率高、精度高、表面质量好、疲劳寿命长，是轴承环的先进塑性加工工艺。冷轧与淬火是轴承环冷轧加工的两个关键环节，其引起的残余应力会对轴承环几何精度和组织性能产生重要危害，需要进行有效处理。分别对冷轧和淬火阶段GCr15轴承环进行磁处理，利用X射线衍射法测试比较冷轧轴承环在磁处理、常规去应力退火以及去应力退火与磁处理结合三种处理方式下的残余应力，以及淬火后轴承环在磁处理、常规回火和回火与磁处理结合三种处理方式下的残余应力。结果表明，磁处理对轴承环冷轧和淬火残余应力有一定的影响；对于冷轧后轴承环，磁处理对残余应力作用效果不如去应力退火好，而磁处理与去应力退火结合对残余应力作用效果比去应力退火好；对于淬火后轴承环，磁处理对残余应力作用效果不如回火好，而磁处理与回火结合对残余应力作用效果比回火好。由此得知，利用磁处理结合冷轧和淬火轴承环常规处理方法能有效改善环件残余应力。引入弗兰克-瑞德源的位错增殖机制，从位错角度阐释磁处理对残余应力的作用机理。揭示磁处理对轴承环冷轧-淬火残余应力的影响规律和作用机理，为轴承环冷轧残余应力控制提供理论和技术依据。
랭알배공예재료이용솔고、정도고、표면질량호、피로수명장，시축승배적선진소성가공공예。랭알여쉬화시축승배랭알가공적량개관건배절，기인기적잔여응력회대축승배궤하정도화조직성능산생중요위해，수요진행유효처리。분별대랭알화쉬화계단GCr15축승배진행자처리，이용X사선연사법측시비교랭알축승배재자처리、상규거응력퇴화이급거응력퇴화여자처리결합삼충처리방식하적잔여응력，이급쉬화후축승배재자처리、상규회화화회화여자처리결합삼충처리방식하적잔여응력。결과표명，자처리대축승배랭알화쉬화잔여응력유일정적영향；대우랭알후축승배，자처리대잔여응력작용효과불여거응력퇴화호，이자처리여거응력퇴화결합대잔여응력작용효과비거응력퇴화호；대우쉬화후축승배，자처리대잔여응력작용효과불여회화호，이자처리여회화결합대잔여응력작용효과비회화호。유차득지，이용자처리결합랭알화쉬화축승배상규처리방법능유효개선배건잔여응력。인입불란극-서덕원적위착증식궤제，종위착각도천석자처리대잔여응력적작용궤리。게시자처리대축승배랭알-쉬화잔여응력적영향규률화작용궤리，위축승배랭알잔여응력공제제공이론화기술의거。
Cold ring rolling technology has the benefits of high utilization, high precision, excellent surface quality, long fatigue life, which is the advanced plastic processing technology of bearing ring. Cold rolling and quenching of bearing ring are two key links of cold rolling. The residual stress of bearing ring due to cold ring rolling and phase transformation by quenching will seriously affect geometric precision and microstructures and properties, so it is needed for effective treatment. In this thesis, steel GCr15 rings in cold rolled and quenched treated by magnetic is studied. The residual stress of cold-rolled bearing rings in magnetic treatment, conventional stress relief annealing, stress relief annealing combined with magnetic treatment and the residual stress of bearing rings in magnetic treatment, tempering, tempering combined with magnetic treatment after quenching have been tested. Experimental results reveal that magnetic treatment has the effects on the residual stress of bearing rings in cold rolled and quenched. The residual stress to the rings treated by stress relief annealing combined with magnetic treatment after cold rolling reduce the most, followed by conventional stress relief annealing, the worst effect is magnetic treatment. The most obvious effect of residual stress to the bearing rings is the way treated by tempering combined with magnetic treatment after quenching, followed by tempering, the worst effects is magnetic treatment. As a result, the way to magnetic treatment combined with conventional treatment methods after cold rolling and quenching of bearing rings can reduce the residual stress effectually. To reveal the mechanism action of the residual stress by magnetic treatment from the perspective of dislocation, the mechanism of Frank-Read source dislocation multiplication is introduced. The influence rule and the effect mechanism of residual stress for steel GCr15 during cold ring rolling-quenching on the performance of bearing ring have been revealed, which provides theories and technical basis for the control of residual stress for cold-rolled bearing rings.