CAJ | 학술논문

在学术系统中处于不利地位的学者与有声望的学者在竞争条件和机会上并不均等，学者的努力付出在很大程度上还依赖于良好的研究条件与发展机会。基于“普遍主义”取向的制度设计，不仅回报了学者的努力，还回报了学术机构的良好声望、发展资源和条件等。基于“特殊主义”选择机制的“马太效应”又使得人才埋没、学术系统日益僵化。因而，在制度与政策安排上，既要利用、发挥“马太效应”的积极作用，又要抑制、减少“马太效应”负面作用的发生。
재학술계통중처우불리지위적학자여유성망적학자재경쟁조건화궤회상병불균등，학자적노력부출재흔대정도상환의뢰우량호적연구조건여발전궤회。기우“보편주의”취향적제도설계，불부회보료학자적노력，환회보료학술궤구적량호성망、발전자원화조건등。기우“특수주의”선택궤제적“마태효응”우사득인재매몰、학술계통일익강화。인이，재제도여정책안배상，기요이용、발휘“마태효응”적적겁작용，우요억제、감소“마태효응”부면작용적발생。
Scholars with prestige and those at disadvantage in the academic system are not of equal conditions and opportu-nities in the competition.Efforts of scholars depend on the research conditions and development opportunities.Institutional de-sign based on the“universalism”,not only reward the efforts of scholars,but also including the reputation of academic institu-tions’and resources and conditions of research,etc.The“Matthew effect”based on special selection mechanism makes the tal-ent buried,academic system becoming more and more rigid.Therefore,the institutional and policy arrangements should play the positive role of“Matthew Effect”,while reduce the negative effects.