农业环境科学学报
農業環境科學學報
농업배경과학학보
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
2014年
9期
1728-1735
,共8页
杨子仪%吴景贵%冯娜娜%陈闯
楊子儀%吳景貴%馮娜娜%陳闖
양자의%오경귀%풍나나%진틈
畜禽粪肥%Zn%形态变化%黑土
畜禽糞肥%Zn%形態變化%黑土
축금분비%Zn%형태변화%흑토
livestock manure%Zn%transformation%black soil
通过培养实验并采用改进的BCR连续提取法研究了不同畜禽粪肥与化肥配施作用下黑土中Zn含量及形态在3年内动态变化特征。研究结果显示:不同畜禽粪肥与化肥配施增加了土壤中Zn总量和土壤各形态Zn含量,其中猪粪与化肥配施处理Zn总量为单施化肥处理的1.69倍,各形态Zn含量平均增幅达238.9%;不同畜禽粪肥与化肥配施还导致了Zn由生物有效性低的可氧化态和残渣态向生物有效性高的酸可提取态和可还原态转化,转化程度依次为猪粪与化肥配施>鸡粪与化肥配施>牛粪与化肥配施、单施化肥。在对影响Zn形态转化因素进行相关分析时发现:不论施肥与否,土壤中酸可提取态和可还原态Zn均与pH值、有机质含量呈显著负相关关系,而可氧化态和残渣态Zn与pH值、有机质含量呈显著正相关关系。此外,不同畜禽粪肥与化肥配施使得土壤中残渣态Zn与pH值间正相关性增强,而对各形态Zn与有机质含量间相关性影响不大。本研究条件下,畜禽粪肥与化肥配施造成了Zn在土壤中积累,提高了Zn的生物有效性,因而增加了土壤Zn污染风险;而不同粪肥间以猪粪与化肥配施对Zn污染影响最为显著,牛粪与化肥配施则与单施化肥差别不大。
通過培養實驗併採用改進的BCR連續提取法研究瞭不同畜禽糞肥與化肥配施作用下黑土中Zn含量及形態在3年內動態變化特徵。研究結果顯示:不同畜禽糞肥與化肥配施增加瞭土壤中Zn總量和土壤各形態Zn含量,其中豬糞與化肥配施處理Zn總量為單施化肥處理的1.69倍,各形態Zn含量平均增幅達238.9%;不同畜禽糞肥與化肥配施還導緻瞭Zn由生物有效性低的可氧化態和殘渣態嚮生物有效性高的痠可提取態和可還原態轉化,轉化程度依次為豬糞與化肥配施>鷄糞與化肥配施>牛糞與化肥配施、單施化肥。在對影響Zn形態轉化因素進行相關分析時髮現:不論施肥與否,土壤中痠可提取態和可還原態Zn均與pH值、有機質含量呈顯著負相關關繫,而可氧化態和殘渣態Zn與pH值、有機質含量呈顯著正相關關繫。此外,不同畜禽糞肥與化肥配施使得土壤中殘渣態Zn與pH值間正相關性增彊,而對各形態Zn與有機質含量間相關性影響不大。本研究條件下,畜禽糞肥與化肥配施造成瞭Zn在土壤中積纍,提高瞭Zn的生物有效性,因而增加瞭土壤Zn汙染風險;而不同糞肥間以豬糞與化肥配施對Zn汙染影響最為顯著,牛糞與化肥配施則與單施化肥差彆不大。
통과배양실험병채용개진적BCR련속제취법연구료불동축금분비여화비배시작용하흑토중Zn함량급형태재3년내동태변화특정。연구결과현시:불동축금분비여화비배시증가료토양중Zn총량화토양각형태Zn함량,기중저분여화비배시처리Zn총량위단시화비처리적1.69배,각형태Zn함량평균증폭체238.9%;불동축금분비여화비배시환도치료Zn유생물유효성저적가양화태화잔사태향생물유효성고적산가제취태화가환원태전화,전화정도의차위저분여화비배시>계분여화비배시>우분여화비배시、단시화비。재대영향Zn형태전화인소진행상관분석시발현:불론시비여부,토양중산가제취태화가환원태Zn균여pH치、유궤질함량정현저부상관관계,이가양화태화잔사태Zn여pH치、유궤질함량정현저정상관관계。차외,불동축금분비여화비배시사득토양중잔사태Zn여pH치간정상관성증강,이대각형태Zn여유궤질함량간상관성영향불대。본연구조건하,축금분비여화비배시조성료Zn재토양중적루,제고료Zn적생물유효성,인이증가료토양Zn오염풍험;이불동분비간이저분여화비배시대Zn오염영향최위현저,우분여화비배시칙여단시화비차별불대。
Applying livestock manures has resulted in accumulation of heavy metals in soils. Impacts of heavy metals on the eco-environ-ment are greatly dependent on their forms. Here a 3-year incubation experiment was conducted to study the effects of different livestock ma-nures combined with chemical fertilizers on the dynamics of contents and forms of Zn in black soil. Modified BCR sequential extraction pro-cedure was used to fractionate Zn forms. Combined applications of manures and chemical fertilizers increased the contents of total Zn and Zn fractions. Total Zn in the pig manure plus chemical fertilizer treatment was 1.69 times as much as that in the chemical fertilizers only, and each fraction of soil Zn was increased by an average of 238.9%. The combined application also led to a transformation of Zn from low bioavailability fractions(Organic matter fraction and Residual fraction)to high bioavailability fractions(Weak acid soluble and Reducible fractions). The degree of Zn transformation was in order of pig manures>chicken manure>cow manure/fertilizers only. No mater fertilization or not, soil pH and organic matter contents were significantly negatively correlated with weak acid soluble and reducible fractions, but posi-tively with organic and residual fractions of Zn. Combined applications enhanced the positive correlation between residual fraction and pH, but had no effects on the correlation between Zn fractions and organic matter contents. Therefore, the combined application of manures and chemical fertilizer caused accumulation of Zn and improved the bioavailability of Zn, thus increasing the risk of soil pollution, with pig ma-nure having the greatest impact on Zn pollution.