实验流体力学
實驗流體力學
실험류체역학
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTS IN FLUID MECHANICS
2014年
5期
99-103
,共5页
靠背管%流速系数%风洞标定%实车试验
靠揹管%流速繫數%風洞標定%實車試驗
고배관%류속계수%풍동표정%실차시험
T type back-supported tube%velocity coefficient%wind tunnel calibration%full-scale test
为解决动车组底板和部分通风通道流速方向变化、安装空间狭小而无法采用传统测速仪器的问题，研制了一种新型具有较佳全压孔形式的微型T型靠背风速管，通过风洞试验标定的方法分析了不同弯管段长度、不同风偏角以及不同空气流速对流速管流速系数的影响，并在动车组新风通道流量测量的实车试验中对其工作特性进行了验证。确定了弯管段最佳长径比为L/D＝2，该结构尺寸下，随着动压的改变，流速系数波动不明显，最大变化率为1．34％，平均流速系数为0．741；风偏角在10°范围以内变化时流速系数变化不大，最大相差6．12％；在动车组新风通道流量测试的实车试验中，测得的流量值与额定风量值之间的最大误差为4．03％。这种新型靠背管结构尺寸简单且具有双向性的特点，对流速及风偏角变化敏感程度较小，工作稳定可靠，测试精度较高。
為解決動車組底闆和部分通風通道流速方嚮變化、安裝空間狹小而無法採用傳統測速儀器的問題，研製瞭一種新型具有較佳全壓孔形式的微型T型靠揹風速管，通過風洞試驗標定的方法分析瞭不同彎管段長度、不同風偏角以及不同空氣流速對流速管流速繫數的影響，併在動車組新風通道流量測量的實車試驗中對其工作特性進行瞭驗證。確定瞭彎管段最佳長徑比為L/D＝2，該結構呎吋下，隨著動壓的改變，流速繫數波動不明顯，最大變化率為1．34％，平均流速繫數為0．741；風偏角在10°範圍以內變化時流速繫數變化不大，最大相差6．12％；在動車組新風通道流量測試的實車試驗中，測得的流量值與額定風量值之間的最大誤差為4．03％。這種新型靠揹管結構呎吋簡單且具有雙嚮性的特點，對流速及風偏角變化敏感程度較小，工作穩定可靠，測試精度較高。
위해결동차조저판화부분통풍통도류속방향변화、안장공간협소이무법채용전통측속의기적문제，연제료일충신형구유교가전압공형식적미형T형고배풍속관，통과풍동시험표정적방법분석료불동만관단장도、불동풍편각이급불동공기류속대류속관류속계수적영향，병재동차조신풍통도류량측량적실차시험중대기공작특성진행료험증。학정료만관단최가장경비위L/D＝2，해결구척촌하，수착동압적개변，류속계수파동불명현，최대변화솔위1．34％，평균류속계수위0．741；풍편각재10°범위이내변화시류속계수변화불대，최대상차6．12％；재동차조신풍통도류량측시적실차시험중，측득적류량치여액정풍량치지간적최대오차위4．03％。저충신형고배관결구척촌간단차구유쌍향성적특점，대류속급풍편각변화민감정도교소，공작은정가고，측시정도교고。
In order to solve the problem that the traditional velocity measurement instruments can not be applied to Electric Multiple Units (EMU),because of the reverse of the flow and the limited space,a new type tube called T back-supported tube was developed.It has better total port.By the wind tube test,the correlation between velocity coefficient and the different varia-bles such as bend segment length,wind yaw angle,flow velocity and so on was discovered.A verification flow test of the flesh air tube in the full-scale experiment can prove its excellent char-acters.The best ratio between length and diameter of the bend segment is 2,and under this size, the velocity coefficient under the dynamic pressure 138Pa was only changed 1.34% as the pres-sure varied.The average velocity coefficient in the range of 353Pa of the dynamic pressure was 0.741.The wind yaw angle variation does have effect to the velocity coefficient of the T type back-supported tube.It is indicated that 10 degrees increasing can make the velocity coefficient decrease 6 .1 2%.The T type back-supported tubes were well applied in the EMU fresh-air tube flow testing;the errors between the testing results and the rated values were all within 4.02%. It is pointed that while the structure of the T back-supported tube is simple and symmetric,it is also less sensitive to the velocity and wind yaw angle variation.The tube worked stable and relia-ble and the result was also precise.
