CAJ | 학술논문

中巴公路沿线地质灾害多发，通过微小变形对于其沿线地质灾害进行早期识别是一种重要的防灾措施。本文以中巴公路公格尔山至墓士塔格山段为研究区，选用2007年7月12日至2011年1月20日获取的16景PALSAR合成孔径雷达数据，采用小基线集干涉测量技术（SBAS-InSAR，Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar）进行了变形干涉计算，识别并分析了沿线地质体的变形情况：（1）冰川运动与冰川泥石流作为沿线最主要的地质灾害，变形相对较大，较易识别，有效PS点主要分布在前缘冰碛物部分，反映为正负大变形相间的高异常值点团，其中公格尔山与墓士塔格山山麓的冰碛物运动最为显著；（2）沿线较软弱顺坡结构岩体发育，且风化严重，稳定性较差，易形成溜石坡灾害，表现为顺坡负异常变形；（3）宽谷区PS点变形以正值和较小的负值为主，该区域主要为底部冰水堆积物，上部洪积物，冰川融水补给充足，土体水分含量较高，可能产生冻胀变形，同时也可能存在斜坡重力梯度方向的变形，二者变形合成在测量结果上表现为视线向的正异常；（4）中巴公路主要在湖盆和洪积扇上展布，推测由于不均匀分布软土的变形，使较为刚性的公路部分路段产生了下沉；（5） SBAS-InSAR的高精度变形观测覆盖范围广，对于线性工程周围地质体稳定性的识别具有很好的应用前景。
중파공로연선지질재해다발，통과미소변형대우기연선지질재해진행조기식별시일충중요적방재조시。본문이중파공로공격이산지묘사탑격산단위연구구，선용2007년7월12일지2011년1월20일획취적16경PALSAR합성공경뢰체수거，채용소기선집간섭측량기술（SBAS-InSAR，Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar）진행료변형간섭계산，식별병분석료연선지질체적변형정황：（1）빙천운동여빙천니석류작위연선최주요적지질재해，변형상대교대，교역식별，유효PS점주요분포재전연빙적물부분，반영위정부대변형상간적고이상치점단，기중공격이산여묘사탑격산산록적빙적물운동최위현저；（2）연선교연약순파결구암체발육，차풍화엄중，은정성교차，역형성류석파재해，표현위순파부이상변형；（3）관곡구PS점변형이정치화교소적부치위주，해구역주요위저부빙수퇴적물，상부홍적물，빙천융수보급충족，토체수분함량교고，가능산생동창변형，동시야가능존재사파중력제도방향적변형，이자변형합성재측량결과상표현위시선향적정이상；（4）중파공로주요재호분화홍적선상전포，추측유우불균균분포연토적변형，사교위강성적공로부분로단산생료하침；（5） SBAS-InSAR적고정도변형관측복개범위엄，대우선성공정주위지질체은정성적식별구유흔호적응용전경。
The Karakorum highway is easy to develop geo-hazards.Early recognition of the tiny deformation is an efficient measure to prevent the geo-hazards.Setting the road along the Gonggeer-Mushitage Mountain section as the study area,this paper selects the 1 6 scenes of PALSAR data during 4 years and uses the SBAS-InSAR technology to measure the deformation along the highway.The geological setting analysis is also used.The following five results are obtained:(1 )the glacier movement and glacial debris flows are the main geo-hazards along the highway.Their large deformation is easy to identify.The effective PS(Persistent Scatter)points are mainly distributed in glacial till section showing as the positive and negative larger deformation interphase points group.The glacier till impacting the road is well developed in the Gonggeer-Mushitage Mountain region.(2)There are mostly the bedding slope rock masses with weathering seriously,lacking of stability and easy to form slip rock along the highway,which demonstrates the negative deformation.(3)In the wide valley area,the value of PS points deformation velocities are mainly with the positive abnormal and smaller negative.The region is consisted of diluvium with the glacier till under.The glacier melt water supply is adequate.The soil moisture content is higher,which may lead to frost heave.At the same time there are likely to be the deformation in direction of the slope gradient of gravity.Both deformations composited in SBAS-InSAR measurements are mainly showed as the positive abnormal of LOS deformation.(4)the highway mainly distributes along the lake and on the glacier debris flow alluvial fans.It is supposed that the deformation of uneven distribution of soft soil causes some parts of the highway relatively sinking. (5 )SBAS-InSAR high-precision deformation observation with wide area coverage shows that it is effective on quickly identification of the large linear engineering geological stability.