CAJ | 학술논문

目的：纵向观察林业血防工程的抑螺效果。方法选择长江安徽段上游的安庆市南梗（1989年造林）、中游段的无为县刘渡花园（2001年造林）、八步缺（2001年造林）和下游段的和县陈桥洲东江柳林（1997年造林）为试点，通过历史资料收集和2010年秋季现场螺情调查，比较造林前后上述4个试点螺情变化，以评估林业血防工程控制钉螺效果。结果2010年4个试点共查螺992框，其中林地活螺框出现率、活螺密度和钉螺死亡率均显著低于草滩（均P<0.01）。安庆市南梗造林后活螺框出现率和活螺密度总体均呈下降趋势，造林后第一年活螺框出现率下降了23.6%（χ2=14.8，P<0.01），活螺密度下降了72.4%，造林后6年内活螺框出现率、活螺密度较低，6年以后呈回升趋势，但低于造林前，长期呈下降趋势；无为县刘渡花园造林后第一年活螺框出现率由50.4%下降到1.16%，（χ2=180，P<0.01），活螺平均密度由3.6只/0.11m2下降到0.017只/0.11m2，造林后5年内活螺框出现率、活螺密度均低于造林前，6年后呈回升势态；无为县刘渡八步缺造林后第一年活螺框出现率由83.7%下降到48.4%（χ2=32.9，P<0.01），活螺平均密度由8.7只/0.11m2下降到2.5只/0.11m2，造林后活螺框出现率、活螺密度多数年份低于造林前，而第4、7年螺情回升；和县陈桥洲东江柳林造林后活螺框出现率和活螺密度总体均呈下降趋势。结论林业血防工程不利钉螺生存，滩地造林有明显的长期抑螺作用。
목적：종향관찰임업혈방공정적억라효과。방법선택장강안휘단상유적안경시남경（1989년조림）、중유단적무위현류도화완（2001년조림）、팔보결（2001년조림）화하유단적화현진교주동강류림（1997년조림）위시점，통과역사자료수집화2010년추계현장라정조사，비교조림전후상술4개시점라정변화，이평고임업혈방공정공제정라효과。결과2010년4개시점공사라992광，기중임지활라광출현솔、활라밀도화정라사망솔균현저저우초탄（균P<0.01）。안경시남경조림후활라광출현솔화활라밀도총체균정하강추세，조림후제일년활라광출현솔하강료23.6%（χ2=14.8，P<0.01），활라밀도하강료72.4%，조림후6년내활라광출현솔、활라밀도교저，6년이후정회승추세，단저우조림전，장기정하강추세；무위현류도화완조림후제일년활라광출현솔유50.4%하강도1.16%，（χ2=180，P<0.01），활라평균밀도유3.6지/0.11m2하강도0.017지/0.11m2，조림후5년내활라광출현솔、활라밀도균저우조림전，6년후정회승세태；무위현류도팔보결조림후제일년활라광출현솔유83.7%하강도48.4%（χ2=32.9，P<0.01），활라평균밀도유8.7지/0.11m2하강도2.5지/0.11m2，조림후활라광출현솔、활라밀도다수년빈저우조림전，이제4、7년라정회승；화현진교주동강류림조림후활라광출현솔화활라밀도총체균정하강추세。결론임업혈방공정불리정라생존，탄지조림유명현적장기억라작용。
Objective To longitudinally evaluate the inhibition of the afforestation project for schistoso-miasis control on Oncomelania snails. Methods Four sites along the Yangtze River in Anhui province were selected as the pilots, including Nangeng of Anqing City along the upper reaches (forests were built in 1989), Liudu Park and Liudu Babuque of Wuwei County along the middle reaches (forests were built in 2001), and Dongjiangliulin, Chenqingzhou of Hexian County along the lower reaches (forests were built in 1997). The changes of snail status were compared in the aforementioned 4 pilots before and after the forest building through the collection of historical snail survey data and field snail survey conducted in autumn of 2010, so as to evaluate the effect of the afforestation project for schistosomiasis control on the inhibition of snails. Results In 2010, a total of 992 frames of snails were surveyed in the four pilots, and higher occurrence of frames with living snails, density of living snails and snail mortality were observed in forest land than that in the control area of marshland (all P values<0.01). In Nangeng of Anqing City, the occurrence of frames with living snails and the density of living snails appeared a decline tendency grossly following forest building, and the occurrence of frames with living snails and the density of living snails reduced by 23.6% (χ2=14.8, P<0.01) and 72.4% one year after the forest building, respectively;low occurrence of frames with living snails and density of living snails were found within 6 years of forest building, whereas appearing a rise tendency after 6 years;however, a gross decline tendency was observed. In Liudu Park of Wuwei County, the occurrence of frames with living snails re-duced from 50.4%to 1.16%(χ2=180, P<0.01) and the density of living snails reduced from 3.6 to 0.017 snails/0.11m2 one year after the forest building, respectively, and the occurrence of frames with living snails and densi-ty of living snails were lower within 5 years of forest building than before forest building, whereas appearing a rise tendency after 6 years. In Liudu Babuque, the occurrence of frames with living snails reduced from 83.7%to 48.4%(χ2=32.9, P<0.01) and the density of living snails reduced from 8.7 to 2.5 snails/0.11m2 one year after the forest building, respectively, and the occurrence of frames with living snails and density of living snails were lower in most years after the forest building than before forest building, whereas appearing a rise tendency from 4 to 7 years after the forest building. In Dongjiangliulin, Chenqingzhou of Hexian County, a gross decline ten-dency was observed in the occurrence of frames with living snails and the density of living snails after the forest building. Conclusions The afforestation project for schistosomiasis control showed unfavorable effect on the survival of snails, and forest building on marshland exhibits a remarkable long-term inhibition on snails.