渭南师范学院学报
渭南師範學院學報
위남사범학원학보
JOURNAL OF WEINAN TEACHERS COLLEGE
2014年
18期
32-36
,共5页
《史记》%蒙恬%功业%过失%辨证%考说
《史記》%矇恬%功業%過失%辨證%攷說
《사기》%몽념%공업%과실%변증%고설
Historical Records%Meng Tian%merit and fault%dialectical%textual criticism
蒙恬是大秦的忠臣、名将,他为秦朝建立的功业远远大于他的过失。他抗击匈奴、修筑长城、修筑直道,镇守边关十多年。关于其过失,蒙恬解剖为“绝地脉”,司马迁批评为“不强谏”。可以认为,蒙恬“绝地脉”是在当时情境下一种无可奈何的自责,而司马迁“不强谏”的批评,未免有点强人所难的味道。即使“绝地脉”和“不强谏”成立,蒙恬也罪不至死。其悲剧在于他无意中卷入了秦朝宫廷争夺皇位继承人的政治斗争中。
矇恬是大秦的忠臣、名將,他為秦朝建立的功業遠遠大于他的過失。他抗擊匈奴、脩築長城、脩築直道,鎮守邊關十多年。關于其過失,矇恬解剖為“絕地脈”,司馬遷批評為“不彊諫”。可以認為,矇恬“絕地脈”是在噹時情境下一種無可奈何的自責,而司馬遷“不彊諫”的批評,未免有點彊人所難的味道。即使“絕地脈”和“不彊諫”成立,矇恬也罪不至死。其悲劇在于他無意中捲入瞭秦朝宮廷爭奪皇位繼承人的政治鬥爭中。
몽념시대진적충신、명장,타위진조건립적공업원원대우타적과실。타항격흉노、수축장성、수축직도,진수변관십다년。관우기과실,몽념해부위“절지맥”,사마천비평위“불강간”。가이인위,몽념“절지맥”시재당시정경하일충무가내하적자책,이사마천“불강간”적비평,미면유점강인소난적미도。즉사“절지맥”화“불강간”성립,몽념야죄불지사。기비극재우타무의중권입료진조궁정쟁탈황위계승인적정치두쟁중。
Meng tian was the famous general of Qin. His credit is greater than the fault. He fought against the Huns, built the Great Wall, developed the roads, and guarded the border for more than ten years. As his negligence, Meng Tian thought that is“Je-di vein”, but Sima Qian deeply criticized as “not to be strong to remonstrance”. The paper thinks that, Meng Tian’ s self under-standing is a kind of remorse in that helpless situation. About Sima Qian’ s criticism, it seemed that it is beyond his power. Even if the “Jedi vein” and“no strong admonition” were established, he is not to go crime. The tragedy is that he inadvertently embroiled in a political struggle.