CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解恩施州6～24个月龄婴幼儿过敏性疾病患病情况及其影响因素，为婴幼儿过敏性疾病的预防提供依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群抽样的方法，抽取1724名婴幼儿，使用问卷调查收集婴幼儿的一般情况、家庭情况、看护人情况及看护行为和过敏性疾病情况。多因素Logistic回归分析用于探索婴幼儿过敏性疾病的影响因素。结果接受调查的婴幼儿中，过敏性疾病患病率为11．83％，主要为湿疹，患病率为7．54％，其次为过敏性哮喘（1．97％）。单因素分析显示，民族（χ2＝17．865， P＝0．000）、月龄（χ2＝9．420，P＝0．009）、喂养方式（χ2＝6．304，P＝0．043）、添加辅食时间（χ2＝12．695，P＝0．002）和家庭收入（χ2＝9．259，P＝0．010）与婴幼儿过敏性疾病有关；多因素 Logistic回归分析结果表明，少数民族[OR95％ CI：1．86（1．27～2．73）， P＝0．001]、人工喂养[OR95％ CI：1．17（1．01～2．82），P＝0．045]的婴幼儿患过敏性疾病的危险较高，月龄18～24个月[OR95％CI：0．57（0．39～0．84），P＝0．005]和家庭年收入大于30000元[OR95％ CI：0．64（0．43～0．96），P＝0．030]与婴幼儿过敏性疾病呈负相关。结论恩施州6～24个月龄婴幼儿过敏性疾病患病率较高，少数民族、低月龄、人工喂养和低家庭收入的婴幼儿患过敏性疾病的风险大。
목적：료해은시주6～24개월령영유인과민성질병환병정황급기영향인소，위영유인과민성질병적예방제공의거。방법채취다계단분층정군추양적방법，추취1724명영유인，사용문권조사수집영유인적일반정황、가정정황、간호인정황급간호행위화과민성질병정황。다인소Logistic회귀분석용우탐색영유인과민성질병적영향인소。결과접수조사적영유인중，과민성질병환병솔위11．83％，주요위습진，환병솔위7．54％，기차위과민성효천（1．97％）。단인소분석현시，민족（χ2＝17．865， P＝0．000）、월령（χ2＝9．420，P＝0．009）、위양방식（χ2＝6．304，P＝0．043）、첨가보식시간（χ2＝12．695，P＝0．002）화가정수입（χ2＝9．259，P＝0．010）여영유인과민성질병유관；다인소 Logistic회귀분석결과표명，소수민족[OR95％ CI：1．86（1．27～2．73）， P＝0．001]、인공위양[OR95％ CI：1．17（1．01～2．82），P＝0．045]적영유인환과민성질병적위험교고，월령18～24개월[OR95％CI：0．57（0．39～0．84），P＝0．005]화가정년수입대우30000원[OR95％ CI：0．64（0．43～0．96），P＝0．030]여영유인과민성질병정부상관。결론은시주6～24개월령영유인과민성질병환병솔교고，소수민족、저월령、인공위양화저가정수입적영유인환과민성질병적풍험대。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influential factors of allergic diseases among infants aged 6-24 months in Enshi prefecture to provide the basis for the prevention of the allergic disease in infants and young children .Methods 1 724 in-fants were extracted by using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling and the data including the demographic characteristics ,family condition ,caregiver condition and behavior ,and allergic disease information were collected by the questionnaire survey .The multiva-riate Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influential factors of allergic diseases .Results Among the investiga-ted infants and young children ,the prevalence of allergic diseases was 11 .83% ,which was dominated by eczema with the prevalence of 7 .54% ,followed by allergic asthma (1 .97% ) .The univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that allergic diseases were as-sociated with the nationality (χ2 =17 .865 ,P=0 .000) ,month age(χ2 =9 .420 ,P=0 .009) ,feeding patterns(χ2 =6 .304 ,P=0 .043) and ,time for adding solid food(χ2 =12 .695 ,P=0 .002) and family income(χ2 =9 .259 ,P =0 .010) .The multivariate Logistic re-gression analysis showed that the ethnic minority [OR95% CI:1 .86(1 .27~2 .73) ,P=0 .001]and artificial feeding [OR95% CI:1 .17 (1 .01~2 .82) ,P=0 .045]had the higher risk for suffering from allergic diseases ,the month age between 18 to 24 months[OR95%CI:0 .57(0 .39~0 .84) ,P=0 .005]and the family income>30 000 yuan each year [OR95% CI:0 .64(0 .43~0 .96) ,P=0 .030]were negatively correlated with the allergic diseases in infants and young children .Conclusion The prevalence of allergic diseases among infants and young children aged 6-24 months in Enshi prefecture is relatively higher and the infants of ethnic minority ,low month age ,artificial feeding and lower family income have the higher risk of allergic diseases .