CAJ | 학술논문

关于下呼吸道感染的预防,近年来的研究大多集中于肺炎疫苗和免疫调节剂的使用上,且大多数研究肯定了上述2种药物的预防作用.目前肺炎疫苗主要有2种可获得的疫苗广泛应用于临床:23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗和7价肺炎球菌多糖蛋白结合疫苗.肺炎疫苗所带来的消减医疗费的经济学效益已经被多个临床研究肯定.肺炎疫苗在临床的应用主要集中在以下几个方面:老年人、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、艾滋病毒感染者、儿童以及抗生素耐药性的影响.免疫调节剂在预防下呼吸道感染中的应用主要集中在对COPD的急性加重期及反复呼吸道感染上,并且被多项研究证实其积极作用.其中应用于COPD的免疫调节剂主要包括:泛福舒、AM3、卡介菌多糖核酸、注射用母牛分枝杆菌、草分枝杆菌F.U.36注射液、匹多莫德和必思添.泛福舒预防COPD急性加重的作用得到了数项较大规模的多中心临床研究的证实,正是基于这些研究成果,GOLD推荐免疫调节剂作为COPD的重要辅助治疗.
관우하호흡도감염적예방,근년래적연구대다집중우폐염역묘화면역조절제적사용상,차대다수연구긍정료상술2충약물적예방작용.목전폐염역묘주요유2충가획득적역묘엄범응용우림상:23개폐염구균다당역묘화7개폐염구균다당단백결합역묘.폐염역묘소대래적소감의료비적경제학효익이경피다개림상연구긍정.폐염역묘재림상적응용주요집중재이하궤개방면:노년인、만성조새성폐질병(COPD)、애자병독감염자、인동이급항생소내약성적영향.면역조절제재예방하호흡도감염중적응용주요집중재대COPD적급성가중기급반복호흡도감염상,병차피다항연구증실기적겁작용.기중응용우COPD적면역조절제주요포괄:범복서、AM3、잡개균다당핵산、주사용모우분지간균、초분지간균F.U.36주사액、필다막덕화필사첨.범복서예방COPD급성가중적작용득도료수항교대규모적다중심림상연구적증실,정시기우저사연구성과,GOLD추천면역조절제작위COPD적중요보조치료.
The recent studies about prevention of lower respiratory tract infections focus on the use of the pneumonia vaccine and immunomodulator,and most studies have confirmed the preventive effect of the two drugs.There are two available pneumonia vaccines widely used in clinic:23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine.The medical expenses mitigation of pneumonia vaccine has been affirmed by multiple clinical studies.Pneumonia vaccine is mainly used in the following areas:elderly,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,HIV infection,children as well as antibiotic resistance.The preventive effects of immunomodulators on the prevention of lower respiratory tract infections mainly concentrate on acute exacerbation of COPD and recurrent respiratory tract infections,and a number of studies have confirmed its positive role.Immunomodulators used in COPD include OM-85,AM3,BCG-PSN,micro card,mycobacterium phlei F.U.36,pidotimod,and Biostim.The role of OM-85 in prevention of acute exacerbation of COPD has been confirmed by a number of largescale multi-center clinical studies.And based on the results of these studies,GOLD recommends the immunomodulators as an important adjuvant treatment of COPD.