热带地理
熱帶地理
열대지리
TROPICAL GEOGRAPHY
2014年
5期
681-689
,共9页
贾重建%刘红宜%卢瑛%陈冲%熊凡%崔启超
賈重建%劉紅宜%盧瑛%陳遲%熊凡%崔啟超
가중건%류홍의%로영%진충%웅범%최계초
土壤腐殖质%易氧化有机碳%团聚体组分%土地利用方式%土壤母质
土壤腐殖質%易氧化有機碳%糰聚體組分%土地利用方式%土壤母質
토양부식질%역양화유궤탄%단취체조분%토지이용방식%토양모질
soil humus%labile organic C%soil aggregate fractions%land use pattern%parent materials
以广东省内第四纪红色黏土、玄武岩和花岗岩母质发育的土壤为研究对象，采集不同土地利用方式（水田、旱地、林地、果园/草地）下表层（0~15 cm）和亚表层（15~30 cm）土壤，研究土壤有机碳及其组分（腐殖质碳、易氧化有机碳）、土壤团聚体及其稳定性，分析土壤有机碳及其组分与土壤团聚体及其稳定性之间的相互关系。结果表明：土地利用类型、成土母质等影响土壤有机碳及其组分。3种母质发育的土壤中，各腐殖质组分占有机碳的比例是胡敏酸碳（HAC）＜富里酸碳（FAC）＜胡敏素碳（HMC），第四纪红色黏土母质发育土壤腐殖酸碳（HAC＋FAC）以草地最高、水田最低；玄武岩、花岗岩母质发育土壤腐殖酸碳以果园最高。土壤中易氧化有机碳所占比例均高于惰性态，第四纪红色黏土母质发育土壤易氧化有机碳占有机碳比例以草地最高、旱地最低；玄武岩、花岗岩为果园最高、林地最低。3种母质发育土壤团聚体（湿筛）主要以＜0.25 mm微团聚体为主，表层土壤＞0.25 mm团聚体所占比例、团聚体平均重量直径（MWD）、团聚体破坏率（PAD）大于亚表层。土壤有机碳各组分均随着有机碳质量分数的增加而增加，＞0.25 mm团聚体质量分数和团聚体MWD随着土壤有机碳及其组分质量分数的增加而增大；PAD随着土壤易氧化碳组分质量分数增加而降低，易氧化有机碳组分有利于土壤中形成较大的团聚体，并增加团聚体水稳性。
以廣東省內第四紀紅色黏土、玄武巖和花崗巖母質髮育的土壤為研究對象，採集不同土地利用方式（水田、旱地、林地、果園/草地）下錶層（0~15 cm）和亞錶層（15~30 cm）土壤，研究土壤有機碳及其組分（腐殖質碳、易氧化有機碳）、土壤糰聚體及其穩定性，分析土壤有機碳及其組分與土壤糰聚體及其穩定性之間的相互關繫。結果錶明：土地利用類型、成土母質等影響土壤有機碳及其組分。3種母質髮育的土壤中，各腐殖質組分佔有機碳的比例是鬍敏痠碳（HAC）＜富裏痠碳（FAC）＜鬍敏素碳（HMC），第四紀紅色黏土母質髮育土壤腐殖痠碳（HAC＋FAC）以草地最高、水田最低；玄武巖、花崗巖母質髮育土壤腐殖痠碳以果園最高。土壤中易氧化有機碳所佔比例均高于惰性態，第四紀紅色黏土母質髮育土壤易氧化有機碳佔有機碳比例以草地最高、旱地最低；玄武巖、花崗巖為果園最高、林地最低。3種母質髮育土壤糰聚體（濕篩）主要以＜0.25 mm微糰聚體為主，錶層土壤＞0.25 mm糰聚體所佔比例、糰聚體平均重量直徑（MWD）、糰聚體破壞率（PAD）大于亞錶層。土壤有機碳各組分均隨著有機碳質量分數的增加而增加，＞0.25 mm糰聚體質量分數和糰聚體MWD隨著土壤有機碳及其組分質量分數的增加而增大；PAD隨著土壤易氧化碳組分質量分數增加而降低，易氧化有機碳組分有利于土壤中形成較大的糰聚體，併增加糰聚體水穩性。
이광동성내제사기홍색점토、현무암화화강암모질발육적토양위연구대상，채집불동토지이용방식（수전、한지、임지、과완/초지）하표층（0~15 cm）화아표층（15~30 cm）토양，연구토양유궤탄급기조분（부식질탄、역양화유궤탄）、토양단취체급기은정성，분석토양유궤탄급기조분여토양단취체급기은정성지간적상호관계。결과표명：토지이용류형、성토모질등영향토양유궤탄급기조분。3충모질발육적토양중，각부식질조분점유궤탄적비례시호민산탄（HAC）＜부리산탄（FAC）＜호민소탄（HMC），제사기홍색점토모질발육토양부식산탄（HAC＋FAC）이초지최고、수전최저；현무암、화강암모질발육토양부식산탄이과완최고。토양중역양화유궤탄소점비례균고우타성태，제사기홍색점토모질발육토양역양화유궤탄점유궤탄비례이초지최고、한지최저；현무암、화강암위과완최고、임지최저。3충모질발육토양단취체（습사）주요이＜0.25 mm미단취체위주，표층토양＞0.25 mm단취체소점비례、단취체평균중량직경（MWD）、단취체파배솔（PAD）대우아표층。토양유궤탄각조분균수착유궤탄질량분수적증가이증가，＞0.25 mm단취체질량분수화단취체MWD수착토양유궤탄급기조분질량분수적증가이증대；PAD수착토양역양화탄조분질량분수증가이강저，역양화유궤탄조분유리우토양중형성교대적단취체，병증가단취체수은성。
Soil samples, derived from Quaternary red clay, basalt and granite, were collected from surface (0~15 cm depths) and subsurface (15~30 cm depths) in different land uses including paddy field, upland, forest land and grassland/orchard, and soil organic carbon (SOC) and its fractions (humus C, oxidizable C fractions), soil aggregates and its stability, and their relationship were studied in this paper. The results indicated that land uses and soil parent materials affected SOC and its fractions. The rank of percentage of humic fractions was HAC<FAC<HMC in soils derived from three parent materials, Grassland had the highest percentage of HAC+FAC, paddy field the lowest for soil derived from Quaternary red clay. Orchard had the highest percentage of HAC+FAC for soil derived from basalt and granite. Soil labile organic C fractions was higher than inert organic C fractions, grassland had the highest labile organic C fractions, and upland the lowest for soil derived from Quaternary red clay;Orchard had the highest labile organic C fractions, and forest land the lowest for soil derived from basalt and granite. The percentage of<0.25 mm micro-aggregate was dominated in soils derived from three parent materials, The percentage of>0.25 mm aggregate, aggregate mean weight diameter(MWD) and percentage of aggregate destruction(PAD) in 0~15 cm depth soil were larger than those in 15~30 cm depth soil. The SOC fractions increased with the increase of SOC content; The percentage of>0.25 mm soil aggregate and soil aggregate MWD increased with the increase of SOC and its fractions; PAD decreased with the increase of oxidizable SOC fractions. Oxidizable SOC fractions favoured macro-aggregate formation, and increased water stable aggregation.
