陕西科技大学学报（自然科学版）
陝西科技大學學報（自然科學版）
협서과기대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF SHAANXI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
2014年
5期
27-31,41
,共6页
花莉%彭香玉%范洋%解井坤
花莉%彭香玉%範洋%解井坤
화리%팽향옥%범양%해정곤
微生物降解%GC-M S%烯烃%炔烃%环烷烃
微生物降解%GC-M S%烯烴%炔烴%環烷烴
미생물강해%GC-M S%희경%결경%배완경
microbial degradation%GC-MS%alkenes%alkynes%cycloalkanes
从中国石油长庆石化公司附近的油泥中分离筛选出4株石油降解菌，用于组建降解原油的混合菌体系．在等接种量培养条件下，单菌株对石油烃的降解率达到41．83％～54．87％，而混合菌降解效率高于单菌株，达到64．27％．不同微生物在降解过程中起着不同的作用．居植物柔武士菌（Raoultella p lanticola）具有脱烷基功能，对一些支链烃有降解效果；蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）既可以氧化末端烯烃，又可以降解环烷烃；克雷伯氏菌（K lebsiella v ari-icola）是优势菌种，不仅具有以上3种降解功能，还可以降解炔烃；粘质沙雷氏菌（Serratia marcescens）和蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）均能氧化不饱和醛基．4种单菌株可能存在相互抑制作用，不宜混合培养降解环烷烃．本研究为石油烃的降解机制和筛选功能微生物等方面奠定了理论基础．
從中國石油長慶石化公司附近的油泥中分離篩選齣4株石油降解菌，用于組建降解原油的混閤菌體繫．在等接種量培養條件下，單菌株對石油烴的降解率達到41．83％～54．87％，而混閤菌降解效率高于單菌株，達到64．27％．不同微生物在降解過程中起著不同的作用．居植物柔武士菌（Raoultella p lanticola）具有脫烷基功能，對一些支鏈烴有降解效果；蠟狀芽孢桿菌（Bacillus cereus）既可以氧化末耑烯烴，又可以降解環烷烴；剋雷伯氏菌（K lebsiella v ari-icola）是優勢菌種，不僅具有以上3種降解功能，還可以降解炔烴；粘質沙雷氏菌（Serratia marcescens）和蠟狀芽孢桿菌（Bacillus cereus）均能氧化不飽和醛基．4種單菌株可能存在相互抑製作用，不宜混閤培養降解環烷烴．本研究為石油烴的降解機製和篩選功能微生物等方麵奠定瞭理論基礎．
종중국석유장경석화공사부근적유니중분리사선출4주석유강해균，용우조건강해원유적혼합균체계．재등접충량배양조건하，단균주대석유경적강해솔체도41．83％～54．87％，이혼합균강해효솔고우단균주，체도64．27％．불동미생물재강해과정중기착불동적작용．거식물유무사균（Raoultella p lanticola）구유탈완기공능，대일사지련경유강해효과；사상아포간균（Bacillus cereus）기가이양화말단희경，우가이강해배완경；극뢰백씨균（K lebsiella v ari-icola）시우세균충，불부구유이상3충강해공능，환가이강해결경；점질사뢰씨균（Serratia marcescens）화사상아포간균（Bacillus cereus）균능양화불포화철기．4충단균주가능존재상호억제작용，불의혼합배양강해배완경．본연구위석유경적강해궤제화사선공능미생물등방면전정료이론기출．
Four oil-degrading bacteria strains ,isolated from oil-contaminated soil of Chan-gqing Oilfied Company ,were mixed to construct bacterial consortiums for crude oil degrada-tion .Isolated microorganisms ,in the form of pure and mixed ,were cultured for 5 days at 30 ℃ in a medium containing diesel .These pure bacteria degrade 41 .83% ~54 .87% of diesel and among them Klebsiella variicola showed the greatest capability for degradation diesel . Biodegradation of diesel by the mixed culture of four bacteria was 64 .27% .The degradability of bacterial mixed culture is higher than the four pure cultures .Raoultella planticola and K lebsiella v ariicola can degrade branched-alkene ,Serratia m arcescens and Bacillus cereus can oxidative unsaturated aldehyde to acid .Bacillus cereus and K lebsiella v ariicola trans-formed cycloalkanes into linear ester via a primary alcohol .In addition K lebsiella v ariicola degraded a triple bond between two carbon atoms (C≡C) of 7-Pentadecyne .It was a promi-nent strain in the oil degradation process .Microbial antagonism in four strains made them not suitable for degrading cycloalkanes .The research provides theoretical foundation for the study on metabolism of hydrocarbons and screen for functional microorganism .
