城市交通
城市交通
성시교통
URBAN TRANSPORT OF CHINA
2014年
5期
45-53
,共9页
交通规划%重力模型%就业可达性%分布特征%小汽车%公共汽车%南京市
交通規劃%重力模型%就業可達性%分佈特徵%小汽車%公共汽車%南京市
교통규화%중력모형%취업가체성%분포특정%소기차%공공기차%남경시
transportation planning%gravity model%job accessibility%distribution characteristics%cars%bus-es%Nanjing
基于国外传统可达性测算方法,建立适用于中国城市交通特征的就业可达性量化方法。在对比分析常用的四种可达性测算模型的基础上,以南京市为实例,针对老城区分别构建了小汽车和公共汽车出行就业可达性模型,同时建立新城区就业可达性模型,以此分析南京市就业可达性空间分布特征。研究表明:南京市主城区就业可达性随着出行距离增加而提高,且提高程度逐步降低;公共汽车出行就业可达性低于小汽车,在城市外围地区尤为明显;新城区就业可达性远低于老城区,职住失衡以及交通通道欠缺是主要原因。最后,通过借鉴国际城市发展经验,提出南京市不同片区就业可达性改善措施。
基于國外傳統可達性測算方法,建立適用于中國城市交通特徵的就業可達性量化方法。在對比分析常用的四種可達性測算模型的基礎上,以南京市為實例,針對老城區分彆構建瞭小汽車和公共汽車齣行就業可達性模型,同時建立新城區就業可達性模型,以此分析南京市就業可達性空間分佈特徵。研究錶明:南京市主城區就業可達性隨著齣行距離增加而提高,且提高程度逐步降低;公共汽車齣行就業可達性低于小汽車,在城市外圍地區尤為明顯;新城區就業可達性遠低于老城區,職住失衡以及交通通道欠缺是主要原因。最後,通過藉鑒國際城市髮展經驗,提齣南京市不同片區就業可達性改善措施。
기우국외전통가체성측산방법,건립괄용우중국성시교통특정적취업가체성양화방법。재대비분석상용적사충가체성측산모형적기출상,이남경시위실례,침대로성구분별구건료소기차화공공기차출행취업가체성모형,동시건립신성구취업가체성모형,이차분석남경시취업가체성공간분포특정。연구표명:남경시주성구취업가체성수착출행거리증가이제고,차제고정도축보강저;공공기차출행취업가체성저우소기차,재성시외위지구우위명현;신성구취업가체성원저우로성구,직주실형이급교통통도흠결시주요원인。최후,통과차감국제성시발전경험,제출남경시불동편구취업가체성개선조시。
This paper aims to develop an approach based on traditional methods to quantify job accessibili-ty, which tailors to the urban transportation characteristics in China. By comparing four commonly used ac-cessibility evaluation models, the paper takes Nanjing as an example to develop job accessibility models for travels by car and bus in the old towns, as well as the job accessibility model for the new urban area, so as to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of job accessibility. Results show that job accessibility in the main urban area of Nanjing improves as travel distance increases, and the degree of improvement gradually reduces. Job accessibility for travels by bus is lower than that by car, especially in Nanjing subur-ban areas. Due to job-housing imbalance and lack of transportation corridors, job accessibility of the new urban area is far lower than that of the old towns. Finally, the paper proposes measures for improving job accessibility of different areas in Nanjing by referring experience from international cities development.