CAJ | 학술논문

采用盆栽试验，研究在水稻田中分别施用不同剂量的苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸对土壤环境以及后茬紫云英生长的影响。结果表明：施用除草剂苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸均不利于后茬冬季绿肥作物紫云英植株干物质的累积，而且施用量越多，干物质累积越少，减幅达到13．1％～52．8％。低剂量的苄·丁显著降低了紫云英植株中N 的累积量10．6％，而二氯喹啉酸降低紫云英植株中N和K的累积量分别为15．0％和15．2％；施用高剂量苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸分别降低紫云英植株中N、P和K的累积量32．7％～37．9％和49．6％～56．6％。施用苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸（低剂量或高剂量）降低土壤中有效N、K含量9．2％～28．7％和11．4％～29．6％；施用高剂量苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸降低土壤有效P含量5．4％和6．1％。另外，施用低剂量苄·丁对土壤中过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和尿酶活性的影响均不显著，而低剂量二氯喹啉酸则显著抑制了过氧化氢酶活性。施用高剂量苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸对土壤中蔗糖酶活性影响不显著，但均抑制了过氧化氢酶和尿酶活性。此外，施用低剂量和高剂量苄·丁增加了土壤中细菌数量，而二氯喹啉酸则正好相反。2种剂量的苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸均减少了土壤中放线菌数量，但对真菌数量影响不显著。综上所述，稻田施用低剂量（稻田推荐用量）苄·丁或二氯喹啉酸后应分别适当补充氮或氮、钾养分；而施用高剂量时则应适当补充氮、磷和钾营养，以满足后茬作物紫云英生长对养分的需要。
채용분재시험，연구재수도전중분별시용불동제량적변·정화이록규람산대토양배경이급후치자운영생장적영향。결과표명：시용제초제변·정화이록규람산균불리우후치동계록비작물자운영식주간물질적루적，이차시용량월다，간물질루적월소，감폭체도13．1％～52．8％。저제량적변·정현저강저료자운영식주중N 적루적량10．6％，이이록규람산강저자운영식주중N화K적루적량분별위15．0％화15．2％；시용고제량변·정화이록규람산분별강저자운영식주중N、P화K적루적량32．7％～37．9％화49．6％～56．6％。시용변·정화이록규람산（저제량혹고제량）강저토양중유효N、K함량9．2％～28．7％화11．4％～29．6％；시용고제량변·정화이록규람산강저토양유효P함량5．4％화6．1％。령외，시용저제량변·정대토양중과양화경매、자당매화뇨매활성적영향균불현저，이저제량이록규람산칙현저억제료과양화경매활성。시용고제량변·정화이록규람산대토양중자당매활성영향불현저，단균억제료과양화경매화뇨매활성。차외，시용저제량화고제량변·정증가료토양중세균수량，이이록규람산칙정호상반。2충제량적변·정화이록규람산균감소료토양중방선균수량，단대진균수량영향불현저。종상소술，도전시용저제량（도전추천용량）변·정혹이록규람산후응분별괄당보충담혹담、갑양분；이시용고제량시칙응괄당보충담、린화갑영양，이만족후치작물자운영생장대양분적수요。
A pot-culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of different doses of bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor and quinclorac on red paddy soil environment and growth of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus)plants.Applying bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor and quinclorac in paddy soil decreased the dry matter weight of Chinese milk vetch by 13.1%-52.8%,and the more doses applied the more dry matter decreased. The lower dose of bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor applied in paddy soil significantly decreased N accumulation by 10.6%,while the quinclorac decreased the N and K accumulation in milk vetch plants by 15.0%and 15.2%respectively.The higher doses of bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor and quinclorac decreased the N,P and K ac-cumulation in milk vetch plant by 32.7%-37.9% and 49.6%-56.6%.Applying with either a lower or a higher dose of both bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor and quinclorac decreased the availability of soil N and K by 9.2%-28.7%and 11.4%-29.6%.A higher dose of bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor and quinclorac,remark-ably,decreased the available P content in soil by 5 .4% and 6 .1% respectively.Furthermore,applying a lower dose of bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor did not have noticeable influence on the activity of catalase,sucrase and urease in soil,while the activity of catalase was markedly restricted by applying a lower dose of quinclorac.The activity of sucrase was not significantly changed even at a higher dose of bensulfuron-methyl · butachlor and quinclorac which greatly restricted the activity of catalase and urease.Furthermore,applying a lower or higher dose of bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor increased the amount of bacteria,and an adverse effect of quinclorac was observed.The amount of actinomyces decreased by applying a lower or higher dose of bensulfuron-methyl ·butachlor and quinclorac,though the incidence of fungi was not changed remarkably.To sum up,in order to meet the requirement of nutrients for growth of Chinese milk vetch,it is necessary to supply additional N or N and K nutrients to soil when applying a lower dose (i.e.the recommended dose in paddy soil)of bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor or quinclorac respectively,while additional N,P and K nutrients should be added to soil when applying a higher dose of bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor and quinclorac in paddy fields.