CAJ | 학술논문

采用倒置“W”型九点取样法对山东省小麦田杂草进行了调查，明确了山东省小麦田田间杂草的种类组成及群落结构。调查结果表明：山东省小麦田杂草共有69种，隶属于21科，54属，其中禾本科、菊科和十字花科杂草种类最多，禾本科杂草为15种，菊科杂草11种，十字花科杂草8种，优势杂草有播娘蒿、荠菜、猪殃殃、雀麦、麦瓶草、小花糖芥、麦家公、看麦娘、节节麦和打碗花等10种，这10种杂草是构成山东省各地区小麦田杂草群落的优势种，此外区域性优势杂草有15种，一般性杂草有44种。从杂草区域分布来看：山东省7个区域中鲁西南平洼区的物种丰富度、物种多样性和均匀度指数均最高，其次是鲁南山区和鲁中山区，而鲁西北平原区和鲁北滨海区的辛普森指数最高。经聚类分析，山东省小麦田杂草群落分为4组：鲁西南平洼区和鲁南山区群落结构类似为一组，此组杂草种类和数量均多，发生重；胶东丘陵区、胶潍河谷平原区和鲁中山区群落结构类似为一组，此组杂草种类和数量介于中等，发生较重；鲁西北平原区和鲁北滨海区与其他地区差异较大，单独划为两组，这两组杂草发生种类和数量均少，跟其他组差异均较大。
채용도치“W”형구점취양법대산동성소맥전잡초진행료조사，명학료산동성소맥전전간잡초적충류조성급군락결구。조사결과표명：산동성소맥전잡초공유69충，대속우21과，54속，기중화본과、국과화십자화과잡초충류최다，화본과잡초위15충，국과잡초11충，십자화과잡초8충，우세잡초유파낭호、제채、저앙앙、작맥、맥병초、소화당개、맥가공、간맥낭、절절맥화타완화등10충，저10충잡초시구성산동성각지구소맥전잡초군락적우세충，차외구역성우세잡초유15충，일반성잡초유44충。종잡초구역분포래간：산동성7개구역중로서남평와구적물충봉부도、물충다양성화균균도지수균최고，기차시로남산구화로중산구，이로서북평원구화로북빈해구적신보삼지수최고。경취류분석，산동성소맥전잡초군락분위4조：로서남평와구화로남산구군락결구유사위일조，차조잡초충류화수량균다，발생중；효동구릉구、효유하곡평원구화로중산구군락결구유사위일조，차조잡초충류화수량개우중등，발생교중；로서북평원구화로북빈해구여기타지구차이교대，단독화위량조，저량조잡초발생충류화수량균소，근기타조차이균교대。
A weed survey was conducted using inverted W-pattern sampling methods to determine the species composition and structure of weed communities in wheat fields in Shandong Province.The taxa found included 69 weed species belonging to 21 families and 54 genera.Among these,10 species were considered dominant weeds,including Descurainiasophia,Capsellabursa-pastoris,Galiumaparine,Bromusjaponicus,Silene conoidea,Erysimumcheiranthoides,Lithospermumarvense,Alopecurusaequalis,Aegilopssquarrosa,and Calysteginhederacea;15 species were regional dominant weeds and 44 were normal weed species.Fields in the plain regions of southwest Shandong possessed highest species richness,Shannon-wiener index and Evenness index,while the highest Simpson’s index was found in the plain regions of northwest Shandong and coastal re-gions of north Shandong.Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that weeds in Shandong Province fall into 4 re-gional groups:hill regions of east Shandong with plain and mountain regions of mid Shandong;mountain re-gions of south Shandong and plain regions of southwest Shandong;plain regions of northwest Shandong ;and coastal regions of north Shandong.