CAJ | 학술논문

基于中国科学院长武黄土高原农业生态实验站2008年开始田间定位试验资料，分析研究秸秆覆盖与地膜覆盖对黄土高原土壤有机碳（SOC）及其组分的影响，试验包括5个处理：对照不覆盖（CK）、作物生育期9000 kg ·hm-2秸秆覆盖（M1）、作物生育期4500 kg·hm-2秸秆覆盖（M2）、夏闲秸秆覆盖（SF）、作物生育期地膜覆盖（PM）。2010（干旱年）、2012（丰水年）两次测定结果表明：0～30 cm土层平均，与CK相比，2012年土壤有机碳（SOC）含量M1处理提高了7．4％，潜在矿化碳（PCM）含量M1、M2、SF处理分别提高了37．8％、23．9％、7．2％，微生物量碳（MBC）含量M1和M2处理分别提高了59．9％和42．3％，碳库管理指数（CMI）M1、M2、SF 处理分别提高了53．1％、35．6％、13．9％；2010年M1处理CMI较CK提高了16．1％（P＜0．05），其余处理土壤有机碳各指标与CK差异两年均不显著。不同覆盖方式对表层土壤有机碳及各项指标影响较大，随土层加深影响减弱，其中秸秆覆盖4年后碳库管理指数均有显著提高。两种活性有机碳的相对含量与其各自绝对含量的变化基本一致，且有机碳各指标间显著相关。综合来看，高量秸秆覆盖能够提高表层土壤有机碳及其组分含量，地膜覆盖对土壤有机碳及其组分积累影响不大。
기우중국과학원장무황토고원농업생태실험참2008년개시전간정위시험자료，분석연구갈간복개여지막복개대황토고원토양유궤탄（SOC）급기조분적영향，시험포괄5개처리：대조불복개（CK）、작물생육기9000 kg ·hm-2갈간복개（M1）、작물생육기4500 kg·hm-2갈간복개（M2）、하한갈간복개（SF）、작물생육기지막복개（PM）。2010（간한년）、2012（봉수년）량차측정결과표명：0～30 cm토층평균，여CK상비，2012년토양유궤탄（SOC）함량M1처리제고료7．4％，잠재광화탄（PCM）함량M1、M2、SF처리분별제고료37．8％、23．9％、7．2％，미생물량탄（MBC）함량M1화M2처리분별제고료59．9％화42．3％，탄고관리지수（CMI）M1、M2、SF 처리분별제고료53．1％、35．6％、13．9％；2010년M1처리CMI교CK제고료16．1％（P＜0．05），기여처리토양유궤탄각지표여CK차이량년균불현저。불동복개방식대표층토양유궤탄급각항지표영향교대，수토층가심영향감약，기중갈간복개4년후탄고관리지수균유현저제고。량충활성유궤탄적상대함량여기각자절대함량적변화기본일치，차유궤탄각지표간현저상관。종합래간，고량갈간복개능구제고표층토양유궤탄급기조분함량，지막복개대토양유궤탄급기조분적루영향불대。
A winter wheat field experiment was conducted to detect the effect of soil surface mulching on soil organic carbon (SOC)and its active fractions .Five treatments were included as control treatment (CK),straw mulching at a rate of 9 000 kg·hm-2(M1)and 4 500 kg·hm-2(M2)and plastic film mulching(PM)during growing season,and straw mulching during summer fallow(SF).The results showed that averaged across 0~30 cm soil layer,compared with CK, treatment M1 significantly increased soil organic carbon by 7 .4%,treatment M1,M2 and SF increased potential carbon mineralization by 37 .8%、23 .9% and 7 .2% significantly,treatment M1 and M2 significantly increased microbial biomass carbon by 59 .9%and 42 .3%,treatment M1、M2 and SF significantly increased carbon management index by 53.1%、35.6%and 13.9%in 2012,respectively.Treatment M1 increased carbon management index by 16.1% in 2010 significantly,compared with CK.Other treatments had no significant impact on soil organic carbon and its index was found when compared with CK .Different soil surface mulching have great influence on soil organic carbon and its in-dex,and decreased as the soil layer deepen .The carbon management index increased significantly after 4 years of experi-ment .The proportion of PCM and MBC in SOC showed the same trend with the contents of PCM and MBC,soil organic carbon and its index significantly related with each other .In general,Treatment M1 can increase soil organic carbon and its active fractions,and the plastic film mulching has less effect to soil organic carbon accumulation .