干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2014年
5期
137-142,250
,共7页
王鹏勃%李建明%丁娟娟%刘国英%杜清洁%潘铜华%常毅博
王鵬勃%李建明%丁娟娟%劉國英%杜清潔%潘銅華%常毅博
왕붕발%리건명%정연연%류국영%두청길%반동화%상의박
菇渣%理化性状%育苗基质%通径分析
菇渣%理化性狀%育苗基質%通徑分析
고사%이화성상%육묘기질%통경분석
spent mushroom compost%physical and chemical characteristics%seedling substrate%path analysis
将腐熟的菇渣、发酵牛粪和珍珠岩混配形成不同体积比的5种复合基质，以传统的优势配方（草炭∶珍珠岩＝2∶1）为对照，以番茄品种“西农2011”为试材，分析了不同配方复合基质的理化性质及其对番茄幼苗生长的影响；同时以复合基质的理化性质为自变量，以番茄幼苗的壮苗指数为因变量进行了多元回归分析和通径分析，最后对初步筛选的最优配方进行再优化试验。结果表明：优化配方菇渣∶牛粪∶珍珠岩＝3∶3∶4处理的番茄幼苗质量显著优于对照以及初步筛选的最优配方菇渣∶牛粪∶珍珠岩＝4∶2∶4；容重、总孔隙度、通气孔隙、持水力是影响壮苗指数的主要因子，其中通气孔隙对壮苗指数的直接通径系数达到2．2992，而其他因素对壮苗指数的作用是负向的。因此，适量增大复合基质的通气孔隙，降低容重、总孔隙度以及持水力有利于番茄壮苗培育，在本研究中可以通过减少菇渣用量和增加牛粪用量来实现这一目的。
將腐熟的菇渣、髮酵牛糞和珍珠巖混配形成不同體積比的5種複閤基質，以傳統的優勢配方（草炭∶珍珠巖＝2∶1）為對照，以番茄品種“西農2011”為試材，分析瞭不同配方複閤基質的理化性質及其對番茄幼苗生長的影響；同時以複閤基質的理化性質為自變量，以番茄幼苗的壯苗指數為因變量進行瞭多元迴歸分析和通徑分析，最後對初步篩選的最優配方進行再優化試驗。結果錶明：優化配方菇渣∶牛糞∶珍珠巖＝3∶3∶4處理的番茄幼苗質量顯著優于對照以及初步篩選的最優配方菇渣∶牛糞∶珍珠巖＝4∶2∶4；容重、總孔隙度、通氣孔隙、持水力是影響壯苗指數的主要因子，其中通氣孔隙對壯苗指數的直接通徑繫數達到2．2992，而其他因素對壯苗指數的作用是負嚮的。因此，適量增大複閤基質的通氣孔隙，降低容重、總孔隙度以及持水力有利于番茄壯苗培育，在本研究中可以通過減少菇渣用量和增加牛糞用量來實現這一目的。
장부숙적고사、발효우분화진주암혼배형성불동체적비적5충복합기질，이전통적우세배방（초탄∶진주암＝2∶1）위대조，이번가품충“서농2011”위시재，분석료불동배방복합기질적이화성질급기대번가유묘생장적영향；동시이복합기질적이화성질위자변량，이번가유묘적장묘지수위인변량진행료다원회귀분석화통경분석，최후대초보사선적최우배방진행재우화시험。결과표명：우화배방고사∶우분∶진주암＝3∶3∶4처리적번가유묘질량현저우우대조이급초보사선적최우배방고사∶우분∶진주암＝4∶2∶4；용중、총공극도、통기공극、지수력시영향장묘지수적주요인자，기중통기공극대장묘지수적직접통경계수체도2．2992，이기타인소대장묘지수적작용시부향적。인차，괄량증대복합기질적통기공극，강저용중、총공극도이급지수력유리우번가장묘배육，재본연구중가이통과감소고사용량화증가우분용량래실현저일목적。
Spent mushroom compost,cow dung and perlite were composed to five kinds of compound substrate,tak-ing internationally best formula substrate (peat∶perlite=2∶1)as CK and tomato cv .Xinong No .201 1 as the test plant, the physical and chemical characteristics of compound substrate and growth of tomato seedling were investigated and the physical and chemical characteristics of substrate and seedling index of tomato was carried out path analysis and multiple regression analysis,moreover,we optimized the formula that was preliminary screened by test .This study indicated that the morphological trait,dry matter,root-shoot ratio and seedling index of optimizing formulating(spent mush∶cow dung∶perlite=3∶3∶4)are significantly higher than CK and preliminary optimum formula;the main factors of affecting the seedling index of tomato seedling were bulk density,total porosity,aeration porosity and water holding capacity,the di-rect path coefficient of aeration porosity on tomato seedling is 2 .2992,and influence of other factors on seedling index was negative .Incresing aeration porosity of compound substrate and decreasing bulk density,total porosity and water holding capacity are benefit the breeding of healthy tomato seedling .In order to produce good seedlings we can increase the dosage of cow dung and decrease the dosage of mushroom compost in this study .
