干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2014年
5期
67-72
,共6页
李自龙%张俊莲%李宗国%徐雪风%李朝周
李自龍%張俊蓮%李宗國%徐雪風%李朝週
리자룡%장준련%리종국%서설풍%리조주
硼%干旱胁迫%马铃薯%生长发育%抗性%生理机制
硼%榦旱脅迫%馬鈴藷%生長髮育%抗性%生理機製
붕%간한협박%마령서%생장발육%항성%생리궤제
boron%drought stress%potato%growth and development%resistance%physiological mechanism
为了探讨叶面喷施硼（Na2B4O7·10H2O溶液）对马铃薯植株在干旱胁迫下生长发育及抗性的影响及其生理机制，在甘肃省景泰县条山集团马铃薯种植基地，对中度干旱和轻度干旱处理的两垄地，每隔3m进行一个硼浓度（Na2B4O7·10H2O）喷施处理，浓度依次为0、10、20、30、40、60 g·L-1，每个浓度（3 m长）的喷施量为166．7 ml。结果表明：叶面喷施硼相对增加了干旱胁迫下马铃薯的块茎产量及生物量，使干旱胁迫下叶片含水量和色素含量下降幅度减小；叶面喷施硼还从整体上表现为抗氧化酶活性的提高，并抑制了超氧阴离子产生速率的增加。通过去花与不去花植株生长发育的比较，发现去花后马铃薯植株地上部分重和地下部分重均有所下降，但施硼相对提高了块茎产量及地下部分重。可见，叶面喷施硼能促进马铃薯植株在干旱胁迫下的生长发育，提高其抗旱性及块茎产量，且这种变化可能与其促进光合产物向地下部分输送密切相关。
為瞭探討葉麵噴施硼（Na2B4O7·10H2O溶液）對馬鈴藷植株在榦旱脅迫下生長髮育及抗性的影響及其生理機製，在甘肅省景泰縣條山集糰馬鈴藷種植基地，對中度榦旱和輕度榦旱處理的兩壟地，每隔3m進行一箇硼濃度（Na2B4O7·10H2O）噴施處理，濃度依次為0、10、20、30、40、60 g·L-1，每箇濃度（3 m長）的噴施量為166．7 ml。結果錶明：葉麵噴施硼相對增加瞭榦旱脅迫下馬鈴藷的塊莖產量及生物量，使榦旱脅迫下葉片含水量和色素含量下降幅度減小；葉麵噴施硼還從整體上錶現為抗氧化酶活性的提高，併抑製瞭超氧陰離子產生速率的增加。通過去花與不去花植株生長髮育的比較，髮現去花後馬鈴藷植株地上部分重和地下部分重均有所下降，但施硼相對提高瞭塊莖產量及地下部分重。可見，葉麵噴施硼能促進馬鈴藷植株在榦旱脅迫下的生長髮育，提高其抗旱性及塊莖產量，且這種變化可能與其促進光閤產物嚮地下部分輸送密切相關。
위료탐토협면분시붕（Na2B4O7·10H2O용액）대마령서식주재간한협박하생장발육급항성적영향급기생리궤제，재감숙성경태현조산집단마령서충식기지，대중도간한화경도간한처리적량롱지，매격3m진행일개붕농도（Na2B4O7·10H2O）분시처리，농도의차위0、10、20、30、40、60 g·L-1，매개농도（3 m장）적분시량위166．7 ml。결과표명：협면분시붕상대증가료간한협박하마령서적괴경산량급생물량，사간한협박하협편함수량화색소함량하강폭도감소；협면분시붕환종정체상표현위항양화매활성적제고，병억제료초양음리자산생속솔적증가。통과거화여불거화식주생장발육적비교，발현거화후마령서식주지상부분중화지하부분중균유소하강，단시붕상대제고료괴경산량급지하부분중。가견，협면분시붕능촉진마령서식주재간한협박하적생장발육，제고기항한성급괴경산량，차저충변화가능여기촉진광합산물향지하부분수송밀절상관。
The objective of this work is to elucidate the growth and resistance of potato plants under drought stress and its physiological mechanism by spraying boron (Na2B4O7·10H2O solution),in a test of potato planting site of Tiaoshan Farm of Jingtai County in Gansu Province .Moderate drought and mild drought treatments were performed on two ridge land,every boron concentration per three meter sprayed 166 .7 mL Na2B4O7·10H2O,concentration is 0,10,20, 30,40 g·L-1 and 60 g·L-1 in turn .The results showed that boron spraying on the leaves of the plantlets increased the tuber yield and biomass of the plantlets under the drought stress significantly .Spraying boron on the leaves of potato plantlets under the drought stress also elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD)and catalase (CAT),inhibited the producing rate of ultra oxygen anion,and alleviated the decrease in leaf water content and chlorophyll content .De-florating decreased the biomass aboveground and underground .However,by spaying boron on the leaves,the yield of tuber and biomass of the underground part were improved significantly .The results also showed that boron could promote the growth and development of potato plants under drought stress,enhance drought resistance and the yield of tuber,and these effects may be due to the higher translocation of photosynthetic products to the under-ground part .
