CAJ | 학술논문

长期以来，为减少肿瘤的死亡率一直强调“早期诊断和早期治疗”。但迄今病理学并不能够回答多早期的“癌”性病变一定会不可逆的向前发展，恶性生长、转移，直至夺人性命。很多看似“癌”性的病变可长期稳定，甚至消退，在患者因其它原因死亡前不因“癌”而就诊。医学影像技术的进步和医疗福利的提高，很多人群经常进行体检和肿瘤的筛查，从而查出很多早期癌患。本文以乳腺癌、肺癌、前列腺癌和甲状腺癌为例，就这种筛查导致的多诊断出的“癌”和由其导致的不必要的治疗，做一简要回顾分析。
장기이래，위감소종류적사망솔일직강조“조기진단화조기치료”。단흘금병이학병불능구회답다조기적“암”성병변일정회불가역적향전발전，악성생장、전이，직지탈인성명。흔다간사“암”성적병변가장기은정，심지소퇴，재환자인기타원인사망전불인“암”이취진。의학영상기술적진보화의료복리적제고，흔다인군경상진행체검화종류적사사，종이사출흔다조기암환。본문이유선암、폐암、전렬선암화갑상선암위례，취저충사사도치적다진단출적“암”화유기도치적불필요적치료，주일간요회고분석。
“Early diagnosis and early treatment“ has been emphasized for the past few decades as the major strategy to reduce cancer related death. However,so far pathology cannot tell how early is the stagebeyond witchthat“cancer“will irreversibly progress and metastasize till the patient succumb. There are many cancer-likelesions which are sta-ble,or even auto-disappear over the years and will not visit on it. Along with the advancement of imaging technology and the enhancement of medical welfare,increased cancer cases of early cancer are being diagnosed with the physical checkups and cancer screening. We will discuss here the issues of overdiagnosis and overtreatmentcaused by the canc-er screening of breast cancer,lung cancer,prostate cancer,and thyroid cancer.