CAJ | 학술논문

利用箱式堆肥法对死猪堆肥处理通风率参数进行优化，试验设置通风速率为100、80、60 L·min-1·m-33组处理，每组处理3个重复。堆肥箱的长宽高尺寸均为1 m，每个箱体处理死猪质量为57.7~58.5 kg，发酵原料为猪粪和秸秆。结果表明：各处理日平均温度超过55℃的时间均达35 d 以上，满足粪便无害化的相关要求；经46 d 的堆肥发酵后，死猪仅剩余部分骨骼，3组处理的死猪降解率（湿重）分别为（95.6±1.1）豫、（94.6±2.2）豫和（96.2±1.5）豫，不同处理无显著性差异；堆肥过程不同处理的物料同一特性变化规律一致，堆肥结束时物料中粪大肠菌群数为3 MPN·g-1、pH 值为8.3~8.4、有机质含量（干基）为45.5豫~51.1豫，均满足 NY 525-2012《有机肥料》行业标准中相关技术指标的要求。死猪堆肥处理的实际应用中，选择60 L·min-1·m-3的通风率为宜。
이용상식퇴비법대사저퇴비처리통풍솔삼수진행우화，시험설치통풍속솔위100、80、60 L·min-1·m-33조처리，매조처리3개중복。퇴비상적장관고척촌균위1 m，매개상체처리사저질량위57.7~58.5 kg，발효원료위저분화갈간。결과표명：각처리일평균온도초과55℃적시간균체35 d 이상，만족분편무해화적상관요구；경46 d 적퇴비발효후，사저부잉여부분골격，3조처리적사저강해솔（습중）분별위（95.6±1.1）예、（94.6±2.2）예화（96.2±1.5）예，불동처리무현저성차이；퇴비과정불동처리적물료동일특성변화규률일치，퇴비결속시물료중분대장균군수위3 MPN·g-1、pH 치위8.3~8.4、유궤질함량（간기）위45.5예~51.1예，균만족 NY 525-2012《유궤비료》행업표준중상관기술지표적요구。사저퇴비처리적실제응용중，선택60 L·min-1·m-3적통풍솔위의。
The conventional disposal of dead animal carcasses is land burial in China. However, it poses a potential contamination risk to groundwater at burial sites. Composting carcasses not only greatly reduces the volume and mass of the wastes, but also destroys pathogens. Ventilation is a key factor influencing the composting efficiency. Here an experiment was conducted using composting bins to determine the optimum ventilation rate of dead pig composting. The dimensions of the composting bin were 1 m(length)í1 m(width)í1 m(height). Three ventilation rates of 100 L·min-1·m-3, 80 L·min-1·m-3 and 60 L·min-1·m-3, designated respectively as treatment 1, 2, and 3, were designed with 3 replicate composting bins each treatment. Dead pigs with a total weight of 57.7~58.5 kg were put in the center of each bin containing mixture of corn stalks and pig manure. The composts obtained under average daily temperature over 55 ℃ for 45 d, 35 d, and 43 d for treat-ment 1, 2 and 3, respectively, met the national standard. The degradation rates(wet basis)of dead pigs after 46 d fermentation were(95.6±1.1)%,(94.6±2.2)% and(96.2±1.5)% for treatment 1, 2 and 3, respectively, with no significant differences observed among treatments. At the end of composting, the composts contained fecal coliform of 3 MPN·g-1, pH of 8.3 to 8.4, and organic matter(dry base)ranging be-tween 45.5% and 51.1%. All values satisfied the China National Standards for Organic Fertilizer. The ventilation rate of 60 L·min-1·m-3 for dead pig composting is recommended.