CAJ | 학술논문

在对上海市畜禽规模养殖分布特征和污染治理现状分析的基础上，分别研究了适于上海市经济社会特点的资源化还田利用和工业化达标治理两大类四种鼓励减排模式，即“沼气工程”模式、“生态还田”模式、“污水纳管”模式和“达标排放”模式，以及各模式的技术要点、工艺流程、设施配套等，并通过投入-产出分析和适用性评价，提出了各郊区县规模化畜禽场适宜采纳模式。结果表明：崇明县、松江区、青浦区单位耕地畜禽承载量为4.7~9.0头标准猪·hm-2，适合采用资源化还田利用模式，经济收益可以满足减排工程的稳定运行，尤其适合采用低投入和管理要求低的“生态还田”模式；奉贤区、宝山区和浦东新区因养殖密度高、耕地面积相对少，多数养殖场仅能选择工业化达标治理模式，但“达标排放”模式管理水平要求较高、运行成本高昂，长效稳定运行难度大，因此应作为今后畜禽规模养殖空间布局调整的重点区域。
재대상해시축금규모양식분포특정화오염치리현상분석적기출상，분별연구료괄우상해시경제사회특점적자원화환전이용화공업화체표치리량대류사충고려감배모식，즉“소기공정”모식、“생태환전”모식、“오수납관”모식화“체표배방”모식，이급각모식적기술요점、공예류정、설시배투등，병통과투입-산출분석화괄용성평개，제출료각교구현규모화축금장괄의채납모식。결과표명：숭명현、송강구、청포구단위경지축금승재량위4.7~9.0두표준저·hm-2，괄합채용자원화환전이용모식，경제수익가이만족감배공정적은정운행，우기괄합채용저투입화관리요구저적“생태환전”모식；봉현구、보산구화포동신구인양식밀도고、경지면적상대소，다수양식장부능선택공업화체표치리모식，단“체표배방”모식관리수평요구교고、운행성본고앙，장효은정운행난도대，인차응작위금후축금규모양식공간포국조정적중점구역。
Livestock and poultry farms have caused the water pollution around them. Here we proposed four techniques for pollution reduc-tion, which included land application(with or without biogas production)and wastewater treatment(centralized or onsite treatment), based on distribution and pollution control status of livestock and poultry farms in Shanghai. The technological process and keys, and facility re-quirements for each technique were provided, and the preferred technique for specific district/county was suggested according to their cost-effectiveness and adaptability. In Chongming County, Songjiang District and Qingpu District, where animal carrying capacity was 4.7~9.0 heads·hm-2(pig equivalent), far below the average in Shanghai, direct land application of wastes, especially without biogas production, was preferable because of its relatively lower cost and management requirements. The economic returns of such land application were sufficient to support system operation. In Fengxian District, Baoshan District and Pudong New Area, wastewater treatment, especially onsite treatment, was more suitable because of higher animal densities and less farmland. However, due to the higher cost and management requirements, op-eration of an onsite wastewater treatment system was much more challenging financially and technically. Therefore, the districts with higher animal densities would be the targets of future structural readjustment of livestock and poultry farming.