CAJ | 학술논문

为给江苏省耕地地力的保持和培育提供基础数据，以分布于江苏全省的297个土壤监测点为研究对象，研究了江苏省域不同农区土壤碳氮分布，并对其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明土壤类型、农区分布、施肥类型及施肥量、种植制度和还田秸秆量对土壤碳氮分布具有重要影响：(1)水稻土、黄棕壤、砂姜黑土、潮土、棕壤、潮盐土的土壤有机质和氮含量依次减少。(2)在水稻土中，徐淮、里下河、沿江等农区土壤有机质和氮含量较高，而太湖和丘陵农区次之，沿海农区最低；潮土中徐淮、里下河和丘陵农区土壤有机质和氮含量较高，而太湖农区、沿江农区次之，沿海农区最低；黄棕壤中太湖农区土壤有机质和氮含量较高，而丘陵农区较低；潮盐土中徐淮农区土壤有机质和氮含量最高，里下河农区次之，沿江农区最低。(3)同一种土壤中，有机肥施用量高的土壤碳氮含量较高。(4)在同一种土壤中，种植蔬菜、大量粮食作物(小麦、水稻、玉米等)、块根旱作作物(马铃薯等)、茶叶等的土壤碳氮含量依次降低。
위급강소성경지지력적보지화배육제공기출수거，이분포우강소전성적297개토양감측점위연구대상，연구료강소성역불동농구토양탄담분포，병대기영향인소진행료분석。결과표명토양류형、농구분포、시비류형급시비량、충식제도화환전갈간량대토양탄담분포구유중요영향：(1)수도토、황종양、사강흑토、조토、종양、조염토적토양유궤질화담함량의차감소。(2)재수도토중，서회、리하하、연강등농구토양유궤질화담함량교고，이태호화구릉농구차지，연해농구최저；조토중서회、리하하화구릉농구토양유궤질화담함량교고，이태호농구、연강농구차지，연해농구최저；황종양중태호농구토양유궤질화담함량교고，이구릉농구교저；조염토중서회농구토양유궤질화담함량최고，리하하농구차지，연강농구최저。(3)동일충토양중，유궤비시용량고적토양탄담함량교고。(4)재동일충토양중，충식소채、대량양식작물(소맥、수도、옥미등)、괴근한작작물(마령서등)、다협등적토양탄담함량의차강저。
In order to provide basic data for arable land conservation and cultivation in Jiangsu province, the distri-bution of soil carbon and nitrogen in different farming region were studied in 297 soil monitoring sites located around Jiangsu province, and the influencing factors were analyzed as well. The results showed that the soil type, the distribution of farm-ing regions, fertilizer type and amount of fertilizer, cropping systems and the amount of returned straw played major roles in the distribution of soil carbon and nitrogen. Soil organic matter and nitrogen content decreased in the orders of paddy soil, yellow brown soil, lime concretion black soil, alluvial soil, brown soil and alluvial-salty soil. In paddy soils, the farming regions of Xuhuai, Lixiahe and Yangtze River bank presented higher soil organic matter and nitrogen content, followed by the farming regions of Taihu and hilly areas, and coastal farming region took the lowest. In alluvial soil, the highest content of soil organic matter and nitrogen were observed in the farming regions of Xuhuai, Lixiahe, and hilly area, and the lowest in coastal farming region; In yellow brown soil, the higer content of soil organic matter and nitrogen appeared in Taihu farming region, and the lower in hilly farming region. In alluvial-salty soil, the highest val-ue appeared in Xuhuan farming region showed the highest value, followed by Lixiahe farming region, and Yangtze River bank farming region was the lowest. In the same kind of soil, the contents of soil carbon and nitrogen were increased with the application of organic fertilizer. In the same kind of soil, the contents of soil carbon and nitrogen decreased in the or-ders of planting vegetables, planting food crops ( wheat, rice, corn, etc. ) , potatoes and other root crops, and tea.