广东第二师范学院学报
廣東第二師範學院學報
엄동제이사범학원학보
JOURNAL OF GUANGDONG EDUCATION INSTITUTE
2014年
5期
43-49
,共7页
氢原子%较强磁场%微扰理论%能级与波函数%偶然简并%电子云
氫原子%較彊磁場%微擾理論%能級與波函數%偶然簡併%電子雲
경원자%교강자장%미우이론%능급여파함수%우연간병%전자운
hydrogen atom%the intermediate strong magnetic field%perturbation theory%energy level and wave function%accidental degeneracy%electron cloud
基于简并微扰论和Mathematica软件平台，发展了一种简单可靠、全自动的计算方法研究磁场中的原子能级结构。考虑自旋磁矩和感生磁矩，计算了处在较强磁场中氢原子 n ＝2~7的能级和波函数。讨论了简并微扰论的适用条件和能级分裂，绘制了概率角分布图和电子云图。数值结果表明：对于较强磁场，本方法是可靠和快捷的；一般情况下，磁场对能级的一级修正可以使简并完全解除(n ＝2~7)，但在一定条件下，会出现新的简并---偶然简并。
基于簡併微擾論和Mathematica軟件平檯，髮展瞭一種簡單可靠、全自動的計算方法研究磁場中的原子能級結構。攷慮自鏇磁矩和感生磁矩，計算瞭處在較彊磁場中氫原子 n ＝2~7的能級和波函數。討論瞭簡併微擾論的適用條件和能級分裂，繪製瞭概率角分佈圖和電子雲圖。數值結果錶明：對于較彊磁場，本方法是可靠和快捷的；一般情況下，磁場對能級的一級脩正可以使簡併完全解除(n ＝2~7)，但在一定條件下，會齣現新的簡併---偶然簡併。
기우간병미우론화Mathematica연건평태，발전료일충간단가고、전자동적계산방법연구자장중적원자능급결구。고필자선자구화감생자구，계산료처재교강자장중경원자 n ＝2~7적능급화파함수。토론료간병미우론적괄용조건화능급분렬，회제료개솔각분포도화전자운도。수치결과표명：대우교강자장，본방법시가고화쾌첩적；일반정황하，자장대능급적일급수정가이사간병완전해제(n ＝2~7)，단재일정조건하，회출현신적간병---우연간병。
A simple and reliable method for investigating the behavior of atomic system in the magnetic field has been developed based on the perturbation theory and MATHEMATICA.Considering the spin magnetic moment and the induced magnetic moment,the energy levels (n =2 ~7)and wave functions of the hydrogen atom in the intermediate strong magnetic field were automatically calculated.The applicable condition of perturbation method and the energy level splitting are discussed.The probability angle distribution and the electron cloud are plotted.The numerical results show that for the intermediate strong magnetic field,the present method is reliable and fast.In general,the degeneracy of energy levels (n =2~7)can be completely removed;but under certain conditions,there is new degeneracy-accidental degeneracy.
