CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】明确在广州地区红火蚁Solenopsis invicta的觅食嗜好性，为我国防治红火蚁新型饵剂的研制与开发提供科学依据．【方法】2011年7-11月观察了广州桑园和荒地红火蚁工蚁觅食活动的季节差异和日动态，并分析其摄食食物类别与生境、季节的关系，比较分析了固态型、液态型或防御型工蚁的个体分布．【结果和结论】春、秋季的2种生境中，摄取固态或液态食物的红火蚁工蚁数量在2种生境或夏秋季节间存在显著差异（固态型P＜0.01，液态型P＜0.05），但这种差异不受生境和季节互作的影响（固态型P＝0.3733、液态型P＝0.9033）．工蚁对液态食物的喜好强于固态食物，携带液态食物的工蚁的平均比例[夏季：（36.58±8.74）％，秋季：（37.60±5.16）％]，显著地高于搬运固态食物的[夏季：（8.03±1.66）％，秋季：（7.30±1.71）％]．取食固态食物、液态食物以及负责防御的3类工蚁的个体多态性均呈连续性偏态分布，其平均头壳宽度分别为（0.6524±0.0071）、（0.6361±0.0062）和（0.6363±0.0064） mm，而且三者间无显著性差异．
【목적】명학재엄주지구홍화의Solenopsis invicta적멱식기호성，위아국방치홍화의신형이제적연제여개발제공과학의거．【방법】2011년7-11월관찰료엄주상완화황지홍화의공의멱식활동적계절차이화일동태，병분석기섭식식물유별여생경、계절적관계，비교분석료고태형、액태형혹방어형공의적개체분포．【결과화결론】춘、추계적2충생경중，섭취고태혹액태식물적홍화의공의수량재2충생경혹하추계절간존재현저차이（고태형P＜0.01，액태형P＜0.05），단저충차이불수생경화계절호작적영향（고태형P＝0.3733、액태형P＝0.9033）．공의대액태식물적희호강우고태식물，휴대액태식물적공의적평균비례[하계：（36.58±8.74）％，추계：（37.60±5.16）％]，현저지고우반운고태식물적[하계：（8.03±1.66）％，추계：（7.30±1.71）％]．취식고태식물、액태식물이급부책방어적3류공의적개체다태성균정련속성편태분포，기평균두각관도분별위（0.6524±0.0071）、（0.6361±0.0062）화（0.6363±0.0064） mm，이차삼자간무현저성차이．
[Objective] To identify the foraging habits of the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren in newly invaded region of Guangzhou , and to provide scientific basis for researching and developing new baits to control the fire ant .[Method] The diurnal dynamics and body polymorphism of foragers in the colony of the red imported fire ant were observed by using directly-dissecting underground foraging tunnel at mulberry orchard and barren land in summer and autumn in Guangzhou .[Result and conclusion] The results showed that foraging rates of fire ant workers for liquid-or solid-food were significantly different in habitats and seasons , but no difference in interaction of two treatments .The foraging rates of dietary pref-erence for liquid food in all treatments were significantly higher than those for solid food .The average proportion of workers carring liquid food in crop [ summer: ( 36.58 ±8.74 )%, autumn: ( 37.60 ± 5.16 )%] was significantly higher than the proportion of workers carrying solid foods [ summer:( 8.03 ± 1.66)%, autumn:(7.30 ±1.71)%].Individual polymorphism of workers feeding solid food , liquid food and responsible for defense showed a continuity of skewed distribution .Their average head width were (0.652 4 ±0.007 1), (0.636 1 ±0.006 2) and (0.636 3 ±0.006 4) mm, respectively, showing no sig-nificant difference among them .