中国实验动物学报
中國實驗動物學報
중국실험동물학보
ACTA LABORATORIUM ANIMALIS SCIENTIA SINICA
2014年
5期
87-94
,共8页
丙型肝炎病毒%自然感染的动物模型%替代实验动物模型%啮齿类动物
丙型肝炎病毒%自然感染的動物模型%替代實驗動物模型%齧齒類動物
병형간염병독%자연감염적동물모형%체대실험동물모형%교치류동물
Hepatitis C virus%Naturally infected animal models%Surrogate animal models%Rodents
丙型肝炎病毒（ HCV）感染是导致人类慢性病毒性肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌的最主要病因之一。由于缺乏合适的HCV感染实验动物模型，使得针对HCV感染更为有效的疗法及疫苗的研发滞后。黑猩猩是HCV感染研究的最佳实验动物，但由于其来源有限、价格昂贵及临床症状等诸多问题，其应用受限，因此发展新的实验动物模型用于HCV感染相关的基础和应用研究迫在眉睫。近年来，以啮齿类等动物为替代模型取得了不少进展，应用转基因等实验技术使替代动物感染了HCV，并成功应用于多个学科领域的研究。本文分析了 HCV自然感染的实验动物、自然感染和非自然感染的替代实验动物在致病机制研究、药物评价和疫苗研发应用中的优缺点及未来研究趋势。
丙型肝炎病毒（ HCV）感染是導緻人類慢性病毒性肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌的最主要病因之一。由于缺乏閤適的HCV感染實驗動物模型，使得針對HCV感染更為有效的療法及疫苗的研髮滯後。黑猩猩是HCV感染研究的最佳實驗動物，但由于其來源有限、價格昂貴及臨床癥狀等諸多問題，其應用受限，因此髮展新的實驗動物模型用于HCV感染相關的基礎和應用研究迫在眉睫。近年來，以齧齒類等動物為替代模型取得瞭不少進展，應用轉基因等實驗技術使替代動物感染瞭HCV，併成功應用于多箇學科領域的研究。本文分析瞭 HCV自然感染的實驗動物、自然感染和非自然感染的替代實驗動物在緻病機製研究、藥物評價和疫苗研髮應用中的優缺點及未來研究趨勢。
병형간염병독（ HCV）감염시도치인류만성병독성간염、간경화화간암적최주요병인지일。유우결핍합괄적HCV감염실험동물모형，사득침대HCV감염경위유효적요법급역묘적연발체후。흑성성시HCV감염연구적최가실험동물，단유우기래원유한、개격앙귀급림상증상등제다문제，기응용수한，인차발전신적실험동물모형용우HCV감염상관적기출화응용연구박재미첩。근년래，이교치류등동물위체대모형취득료불소진전，응용전기인등실험기술사체대동물감염료HCV，병성공응용우다개학과영역적연구。본문분석료 HCV자연감염적실험동물、자연감염화비자연감염적체대실험동물재치병궤제연구、약물평개화역묘연발응용중적우결점급미래연구추세。
Hepatitis C virus ( HCV) is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcino-ma in humans.Due to the lack of suitable experimental animal models for HCV infection, the development of more effective treatment of HCV infection and vaccines has been delayed.Chimpanzee is the best experimental animal model for the re-search of hepatitis C virus ( HCV) infection.However, because of its limited in resource, expensive in breeding, and difference in clinical symptoms, thus developing new experimental animal models for HCV-related basic and applied re-search is imminent.In recent years, as a surrogate animal model, the development of rodent model and other models has been achieved a lot of progress.Using such as genetically modified experimental techniques, those surrogate animals were infected with HCV in vivo and were successfully applied to research in several areas.In this review, we will focus on the a-chieved progress in naturally infected animal model and transgenic surrogate experimental models, and their advantage and limitation in usage in study on the pathogenetic mechanism of infection, drug evaluation and development of vaccines, and will also discuss the future direction of development of experimental animal models for research of infection with HCV.
