沙漠与绿洲气象
沙漠與綠洲氣象
사막여록주기상
DESERT AND OASIS METEOROLOGY
2014年
5期
53-57
,共5页
周成龙%何清%张爱强%刘厚勇%蒋新波%杨兴华
週成龍%何清%張愛彊%劉厚勇%蔣新波%楊興華
주성룡%하청%장애강%류후용%장신파%양흥화
地表土壤含水率%临界摩擦速度%临界起沙风速
地錶土壤含水率%臨界摩抆速度%臨界起沙風速
지표토양함수솔%림계마찰속도%림계기사풍속
surface soil moisture%threshold friction velocity%the threshold sand-moving wind speed
临界起沙风速是判别风沙活动能否发生的关键指标,其变化受到地表状况及大气环境的综合影响。为了进一步认识临界起沙风速在野外条件下的变化规律,选取塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中作为研究区,在综合考虑地表土壤粒径、土壤湿度、空气密度等因素的基础上,利用经验公式计算了该地区每月的临界起沙风速。得出:(1)塔中地区2m高度的临界摩擦速度值介于0.24~0.36 m/s,均值为0.31 m/s;(2)塔中地区2 m高度的临界起沙风速值介于3.9~5.9 m/s,均值为5.1 m/s;(3)塔中地区起沙阈值,最高值出现在夏季,次高值出现在冬季,春季最小。
臨界起沙風速是判彆風沙活動能否髮生的關鍵指標,其變化受到地錶狀況及大氣環境的綜閤影響。為瞭進一步認識臨界起沙風速在野外條件下的變化規律,選取塔剋拉瑪榦沙漠腹地塔中作為研究區,在綜閤攷慮地錶土壤粒徑、土壤濕度、空氣密度等因素的基礎上,利用經驗公式計算瞭該地區每月的臨界起沙風速。得齣:(1)塔中地區2m高度的臨界摩抆速度值介于0.24~0.36 m/s,均值為0.31 m/s;(2)塔中地區2 m高度的臨界起沙風速值介于3.9~5.9 m/s,均值為5.1 m/s;(3)塔中地區起沙閾值,最高值齣現在夏季,次高值齣現在鼕季,春季最小。
림계기사풍속시판별풍사활동능부발생적관건지표,기변화수도지표상황급대기배경적종합영향。위료진일보인식림계기사풍속재야외조건하적변화규률,선취탑극랍마간사막복지탑중작위연구구,재종합고필지표토양립경、토양습도、공기밀도등인소적기출상,이용경험공식계산료해지구매월적림계기사풍속。득출:(1)탑중지구2m고도적림계마찰속도치개우0.24~0.36 m/s,균치위0.31 m/s;(2)탑중지구2 m고도적림계기사풍속치개우3.9~5.9 m/s,균치위5.1 m/s;(3)탑중지구기사역치,최고치출현재하계,차고치출현재동계,춘계최소。
The threshold sand-moving wind speed is a key indicator of the sand activities,it can determine the activities,it will change with the surface conditions and atmospheric environment. To further understand the variation of the threshold sand-moving wind speed under field conditions, This paper selected Tazhong of the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert as the research Area,on the basis of considering the size of the surface soil,soil moisture, air density and other factors,the paper use the empirical formula to calculate the threshold sand-moving wind speed of each month in this area.The conclusions are as follows:(1)the fluid critical threshold sand moving wind speed of 2 m height ranged from 0.24 m/s to 0.36 m/s at Tazhong,the mean is 0.31 m/s;(2)the threshold sand-moving wind speed of 2 m height is between 3.9 m/s and 5.9 m/s at Tazhong,the mean is 5.1 m/s;(3) in all of the threshold for dust emission, the maximum is in summer, the second highest in winter, and spring is the minimum. Thus it can provide scientific methods for the prevention and control the sandstorm at Tazhong area.