CAJ | 학술논문

基于天津市575位居民的调查数据，以居民个体及父辈特征为控制变量对人力资本要素与收入的关系进行了统计分析。结果显示：工作经验与学校教育对收入的影响显著；在职培训与健康投入对收入的影响不显著；个体性别、单位性质、职业类型对人力资本与收入关系的控制作用显著；个体教育重要性认知、文体活动参与与父辈教育水平和职业类型对二者关系的控制作用不显著。接受学校教育与积累工作经验是缩小收入差距的根本；女性需要付出更多努力才能与男性收入持平；薪酬政策制定应借鉴外资与港澳台企业的激励措施；社会福利应向低收入群体倾斜；高收入群体应注重学校教育和文体活动参与。
기우천진시575위거민적조사수거，이거민개체급부배특정위공제변량대인력자본요소여수입적관계진행료통계분석。결과현시：공작경험여학교교육대수입적영향현저；재직배훈여건강투입대수입적영향불현저；개체성별、단위성질、직업류형대인력자본여수입관계적공제작용현저；개체교육중요성인지、문체활동삼여여부배교육수평화직업류형대이자관계적공제작용불현저。접수학교교육여적루공작경험시축소수입차거적근본；녀성수요부출경다노력재능여남성수입지평；신수정책제정응차감외자여항오태기업적격려조시；사회복리응향저수입군체경사；고수입군체응주중학교교육화문체활동삼여。
Based on a survey data of 575 citizens in Tianjin, this paper examined human capital return and income disparity by setting some characteristics of individuals and fathers as controlling variables.Results showed:Citizens'working experi-ence and education have significant effects on income;Citizens'on-job-training and health capital investment have no signif-icant effects on income;The controlling roles of individuals'gender, working unit, and occupation in the relationship be-tween human capital and income are significant, but the roles of education cognition, culture and sports participation, and fathers'education and occupation are not significant.Conclusions are as follows:Schooling and working experience are two important measures to reduce income disparity;Women have to perform much better than males while getting a same job;Compensation policy setting can learn from the incentive policies of foreign enterprises (including Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan-owned);Low-income groups should be given more social welfare;High-income groups should pay more attention to schooling and recreational activity.