CAJ | 학술논문

紧急避险的相当性要件是国外相关刑法理论和刑事立法中的一个重要问题，是指避险行为应当符合一个社会所承认的一般或共同的价值观念。避险行为的相当性应该成为紧急避险中的独立要件。通过避险相当性要件在“强制采血事例”“脏器摘除事例”以及“雨伞事例”中的具体适用分析，避险行为的相当性要件具有独特的功能，一定程度上能限制法益权衡要件的适用。也就是说，即使行为人保全的法益价值大于其行为侵犯的法益价值，也不必然就能承认紧急避险。在避险行为缺乏相当性要件时，由于其也存在违法性的减少和责任程度的降低，因此，对其可以准用避险过当的从宽处罚原则。
긴급피험적상당성요건시국외상관형법이론화형사입법중적일개중요문제，시지피험행위응당부합일개사회소승인적일반혹공동적개치관념。피험행위적상당성응해성위긴급피험중적독립요건。통과피험상당성요건재“강제채혈사례”“장기적제사례”이급“우산사례”중적구체괄용분석，피험행위적상당성요건구유독특적공능，일정정도상능한제법익권형요건적괄용。야취시설，즉사행위인보전적법익개치대우기행위침범적법익개치，야불필연취능승인긴급피험。재피험행위결핍상당성요건시，유우기야존재위법성적감소화책임정도적강저，인차，대기가이준용피험과당적종관처벌원칙。
The worthiness condition of necessity is an important issue related to foreign criminal law theory and criminal legislation , which means the necessity behavior should comply with the general and common values recog -nized by the society .The worthiness condition of necessity behavior should be the independent element of necessity . Through analysis of the ‘Compulsory Blood Sampling Event ’ , the ‘Removal of Organs Event ’ and the ‘Umbrella Event’, we can find that the worthiness condition of necessity has unique function and partly limits the application of the legal interest balance condition .That is to say , when the necessity behavior lacks worthiness condition , due to the diminished illegality and the reduced degree of responsibility , the lenient principle of excessive refuge may be applied .