CAJ | 학술논문

本文从谷物加工、果蔬加工、肉类加工、乳制品加工四个研究领域对酶学技术在食品加工中的应用及其进展，从酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)与酶生物传感器法两个研究领域对酶学技术在食品质量检测中的应用及其进展进行了归纳和评述。糖苷酶类可应用于生产以抗性糊精、低聚果糖为代表的新型谷物营养食品，果胶酶及其复合酶制剂可以提高果汁的产量和质量，纤维素酶辅助提取技术提取果蔬中功能性成分，蛋白酶、脂肪酶应用于改良传统的肉制品、乳制品，以及制造更加营养均衡，符合保健需求的功能性肉制品、乳制品。酶联免疫分析法可以用于果蔬中农药残留以及食品中毒素的检测，可靠性更好、灵敏度更高的酶联免疫试剂盒是今后研究的重点。以酶电极为代表的酶生物传感器在食品中的有毒物、致癌物检测中也已经初步取得成功。同时，针对酶学技术在食品加工与食品质量检测中的应用存在的不足，本文也提出了相应的建议，比如通过固定化酶来降低酶制剂的使用成本，保证酶联免疫分析法的准确性，提高酶生物传感器的稳定性。
본문종곡물가공、과소가공、육류가공、유제품가공사개연구영역대매학기술재식품가공중적응용급기진전，종매련면역분석법(ELISA)여매생물전감기법량개연구영역대매학기술재식품질량검측중적응용급기진전진행료귀납화평술。당감매류가응용우생산이항성호정、저취과당위대표적신형곡물영양식품，과효매급기복합매제제가이제고과즙적산량화질량，섬유소매보조제취기술제취과소중공능성성분，단백매、지방매응용우개량전통적육제품、유제품，이급제조경가영양균형，부합보건수구적공능성육제품、유제품。매련면역분석법가이용우과소중농약잔류이급식품중독소적검측，가고성경호、령민도경고적매련면역시제합시금후연구적중점。이매전겁위대표적매생물전감기재식품중적유독물、치암물검측중야이경초보취득성공。동시，침대매학기술재식품가공여식품질량검측중적응용존재적불족，본문야제출료상응적건의，비여통과고정화매래강저매제제적사용성본，보증매련면역분석법적준학성，제고매생물전감기적은정성。
The application and advance of enzyme technology in food processing were summarized and evaluated from four research fields of grain processing, fruit and vegetable processing, meat processing, and dairy processing. The application and advance of enzyme technology in food quality inspection were summa-rized and evaluated from two research fields of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enzyme biosensor method. Glycosidase and other enzymes were used in the production of resistance dextrin or oligo-fructose, which were representatives of new nutrition food from grain. Pectinase and composite enzyme prepa-ration improved the yield and quality of fruit juice. Cellulose-assisted extraction technology was studied for the extraction of functional compositions in fruits and vegetables. Protease or lipase were applied to improve the traditional meat products or dairy products, and to produce more balanced functional meat products, dairy products, which meet the needs of health care. ELISA was used in the detection of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, or toxins in food. ELISA kitore with more reliability and higher sensitivity would be the focus of future study. Enzyme electrodes were the representative of the enzyme biosensors, which were used in the detection of toxins and carcinogens in food. The corresponding suggestion to solve the problem existing in the application of enzyme technology in food processing and food quality inspection were also put forward accor-dingly, such as the use of immobilized enzyme to reduce the cost of enzyme preparation, the improvement of the accuracy of ELISA, the improvement of the stability of the enzyme biosensors.