CAJ | 학술논문

为烤烟最适采收期的确定和香气质的提升提供参考，采用田间试验与室内品质检测相结合方法，比较了云烟85不同成熟度烟叶的腺毛分布密度、表面提取物和质体色素含量变化。结果表明：1）成熟叶和过熟叶的腺毛分布密度均以上部叶最高，分别为1266．30根/cm2和1180．63根/cm2；中部叶次之，分别为1073．30根/cm2和1094．97根/cm2；下部叶最低，分别为948．25根/cm2和823．19根/cm2。尚熟烟叶以中部叶最高，达1318．49根/cm2；上部叶次之，为1304．70根/cm2；下部叶最低，为1035．88根/cm2。各部位各成熟度烟叶的正背面均是长柄腺毛（占80％左右）多于短柄腺毛（占20％左右），上部叶长柄腺毛与短柄腺毛的比值均大于中部叶和下部叶，且叶的背面腺毛分布密度大于正面。2）在不同成熟度烟叶中，尚熟叶、成熟叶和过熟叶的烷烃类物质含量分别为157．29μg/g、167．91μg/g 和158．55μg/g，腺毛分泌物含量分别为71．78μg/g、74．75μg/g 和73．11μg/g，即烷烃类物质含量为成熟叶＞过熟叶＞尚熟叶，而腺毛分泌物含量的差异不大。3）在不同成熟度烟叶中，尚熟叶、成熟叶和过熟叶的β-胡萝卜素含量分别为63．30μg/g、41．90μg/g 和27．50μg/g，叶黄素含量分别为112．10μg/g、87．10μg/g 和61．40μg/g，即成熟烟叶和过熟烟叶的β-胡萝卜素含量比尚熟烟叶分别低33．81％和56．56％，叶黄素含量分别低22．30％和45．23％。
위고연최괄채수기적학정화향기질적제승제공삼고，채용전간시험여실내품질검측상결합방법，비교료운연85불동성숙도연협적선모분포밀도、표면제취물화질체색소함량변화。결과표명：1）성숙협화과숙협적선모분포밀도균이상부협최고，분별위1266．30근/cm2화1180．63근/cm2；중부협차지，분별위1073．30근/cm2화1094．97근/cm2；하부협최저，분별위948．25근/cm2화823．19근/cm2。상숙연협이중부협최고，체1318．49근/cm2；상부협차지，위1304．70근/cm2；하부협최저，위1035．88근/cm2。각부위각성숙도연협적정배면균시장병선모（점80％좌우）다우단병선모（점20％좌우），상부협장병선모여단병선모적비치균대우중부협화하부협，차협적배면선모분포밀도대우정면。2）재불동성숙도연협중，상숙협、성숙협화과숙협적완경류물질함량분별위157．29μg/g、167．91μg/g 화158．55μg/g，선모분비물함량분별위71．78μg/g、74．75μg/g 화73．11μg/g，즉완경류물질함량위성숙협＞과숙협＞상숙협，이선모분비물함량적차이불대。3）재불동성숙도연협중，상숙협、성숙협화과숙협적β-호라복소함량분별위63．30μg/g、41．90μg/g 화27．50μg/g，협황소함량분별위112．10μg/g、87．10μg/g 화61．40μg/g，즉성숙연협화과숙연협적β-호라복소함량비상숙연협분별저33．81％화56．56％，협황소함량분별저22．30％화45．23％。
The glandular hairs’density,surface extracts and plastid pigment content of Yunyan 85 with different maturity degrees were analyzed by field experiment and indoor quality determination methods to provide a reference for determining the optimum harvesting stage and improvement of aroma quality.The results showed that:1)The glandular hairs'density of maturity and over-maturity upper leaf is 1 266.30/cm2 and 1 180.63 /cm2 ,followed by 1 073.30/cm2 and 1 094.97/cm2 of maturity and over-maturity middle leaf, and 948.25/cm2 and 823.19/cm2 of maturity and over-maturity bottom leaf respectively.The glandular hairs' density of near maturity middle leaf is 1 318.49/cm2 followed by 1 304.70/cm2 of near maturity upper leaf and 1 035.88/cm2 of near maturity bottom leaf.The glandular hairs with a long handle of the front and reverse of leaves with different position and maturity degrees is more than glandular hairs with a short handle.The ratio of glandular hairs with a long handle/glandular hairs with a short handle in upper leaf is more than middle leaf and bottom leaf,and distribution density of glandular hairs on the reserve of leaves is higher than the front of leaves;2)The alkanes content of near maturity,maturity and over-maturity leaf is 157.29 μg/g,167.91 μg/g and 158.55 μg/g separately.The glandular hairs'excreta of near maturity,maturity and over-maturity leaf is 71.78 μg/g,74.75 μg/g and 73.11 μg/g respectively,which means that alkanes content is maturity leaf over-maturity leaf near maturity leaf but there is no obvious difference in glandular hairs'excreta between leaves with different maturity degrees;3)The β-carotene content of near maturity,maturity and over-maturity leaf is 63.30μg/g,41.90 μg/g and 27.50 μg/g,and the lutein content of near maturity,maturity and over-maturity leaf is112.10μg/g,87.10 μg/g and 61.40 μg/g respectively.That is,the β-carotene content of maturity and over-maturity leaf is 33.81% and 56.56% lower than near maturity leaf and lutein content of maturity and over-maturity leaf is 22.30% and 45.23% lower than near maturity leaf respectively.