CAJ | 학술논문

为比较不同溶磷菌剂在田间应用效果，通过田间小区试验，研究3种菌剂草酸青霉I1（I1）、黑曲霉H1（H1）和巨大芽孢杆菌BM（BM）对土壤营养元素动态变化以及玉米产量的影响。结果表明：施用3种菌剂，土壤有效磷含量显著提高，在不同磷水平下，土壤有效磷含量比对照提高6.47%~37.13%。在P2O592 kg·hm-2水平下，在玉米生长前期，施用3种菌剂，土壤pH值显著降低，土壤交换性Ca、Mg和有效性Fe、Cu、Zn含量以及玉米叶片SOD、POD和CAT酶活性显著增加，而有效Mn的含量降低；总体上，各处理间提高土壤交换性钙、镁和有效锌的能力为H1>I1>BM，提高土壤有效铁能力为H1≥BM>I1，提高土壤有效铜能力为BM>H1>I1。不同磷水平下，施用3种菌剂后，玉米产量显著提高，在P2O592 kg·hm-2水平下，施用微生物菌剂玉米产量比CK增加8.2%~12.1%，总体上，增产效果为I1>H1>BM。
위비교불동용린균제재전간응용효과，통과전간소구시험，연구3충균제초산청매I1（I1）、흑곡매H1（H1）화거대아포간균BM（BM）대토양영양원소동태변화이급옥미산량적영향。결과표명：시용3충균제，토양유효린함량현저제고，재불동린수평하，토양유효린함량비대조제고6.47%~37.13%。재P2O592 kg·hm-2수평하，재옥미생장전기，시용3충균제，토양pH치현저강저，토양교환성Ca、Mg화유효성Fe、Cu、Zn함량이급옥미협편SOD、POD화CAT매활성현저증가，이유효Mn적함량강저；총체상，각처리간제고토양교환성개、미화유효자적능력위H1>I1>BM，제고토양유효철능력위H1≥BM>I1，제고토양유효동능력위BM>H1>I1。불동린수평하，시용3충균제후，옥미산량현저제고，재P2O592 kg·hm-2수평하，시용미생물균제옥미산량비CK증가8.2%~12.1%，총체상，증산효과위I1>H1>BM。
Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms(PSMs), which are commonly found in soil, can solubilize insoluble phosphate(P), reduce phosphorus fertilizer fixation, increase the utilization ratio of P fertilizers, and promote crop growth. In order to analyse the effects of different phosphate-solubilizing microbial inoculums in field, the experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil nutrients and output of corn af-ter three phosphate-solubilizing microbial inoculums in plot experiment. The results showed that available phosphate in soil was increased remarkably after Penicillium oxalate I1(I1), Aspergillus niger H1(H1)and Bacillus Megaterium(BM)were inoculated. When the concer-tration of P2O5 were 0, 46, 75 kg·hm-2 and 92 kg·hm-2, the content of soil available phosphate was increased 6.47%~37.13%. At prophase of corn growth, when P2O5 was 92 kg·hm-2, the soil pH was decreased, and the soil exchangeable Ca, Mg and available Fe, Cu and Zn were in-creased significantly, and the activity of SOD, POD and CAT enzyme was also increased. However, at the same condition, the content of available Mn was decreased higher than CK. As a whole, the ability of increasing exchangeable Ca, Mg and available Zn was H1>I1>BM, the ability of increasing available Fe was H1≥BM>I1, and the ability of increasing available Cu was BM>H1>I1. The output of corn increased remarkable after three inoculums were inoculated, and the output were increased 8.2%~12.1%higher than CK at 92 kg·hm-2 of P2O5.