CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解体检人群的健康状况，以及高脂血症、高血压、脂肪肝等常见慢性病的年龄及性别特征，为改善人群健康状况，提高人群健康质量提供科学依据。方法对武汉市某大型综合性医院体检中心2011－2013年的55215份健康体检资料进行统计分析，分类数据的组间比较采用χ2检验。结果体检异常者的疾病系统顺位前5位依次是消化系统疾病（30．5％）、代谢疾病（23．4％）、妇科疾病（19．4％）、循环系统（11．0％）及耳鼻喉疾病（9．9％）。患病率居前5位的疾病分别是高脂血症（18．4％）、高血压（9．1％）、脂肪肝（6．8％）及女性乳腺增生（9．7％）与宫颈炎（5．2％）。体检人群中高脂血症、高血压及脂肪肝的整体患病率男性显著高于女性（P＜0．01），并在不同年龄段中的性别分布也不尽相同。结论体检人群的健康状况不容乐观，高脂血症、高血压、脂肪肝等慢性疾病患病率较高，且有年轻化趋势。因此，要充分重视这些疾病，做好定期体检，实施有针对性的预防干预，以减少这些疾病对人群的危害。
목적：료해체검인군적건강상황，이급고지혈증、고혈압、지방간등상견만성병적년령급성별특정，위개선인군건강상황，제고인군건강질량제공과학의거。방법대무한시모대형종합성의원체검중심2011－2013년적55215빈건강체검자료진행통계분석，분류수거적조간비교채용χ2검험。결과체검이상자적질병계통순위전5위의차시소화계통질병（30．5％）、대사질병（23．4％）、부과질병（19．4％）、순배계통（11．0％）급이비후질병（9．9％）。환병솔거전5위적질병분별시고지혈증（18．4％）、고혈압（9．1％）、지방간（6．8％）급녀성유선증생（9．7％）여궁경염（5．2％）。체검인군중고지혈증、고혈압급지방간적정체환병솔남성현저고우녀성（P＜0．01），병재불동년령단중적성별분포야불진상동。결론체검인군적건강상황불용악관，고지혈증、고혈압、지방간등만성질병환병솔교고，차유년경화추세。인차，요충분중시저사질병，주호정기체검，실시유침대성적예방간예，이감소저사질병대인군적위해。
Objectives To investigate the health status of physical examination population and the epidemiological characteristics of common chronic diseases like hyperlipidemia ,hypertension and fatty liver ,and to provide a scien‐tific basis for improving people health status and quality .Methods 55 215 healthy people’s physical examination data were collected from a large comprehensive hospital in Wuhan from 2011 to 2013 .Statistical analysis was done with these data .Results The survey showed that the top five abnormal disease system based on the prevalence rate were the digestive system (30 .5% ) ,metabolic diseases (23 .4% ) ,gynecological diseases (19 .4% ) ,circulatory system (11 .0% ) and ENT (9 .9% ) .And the top five prevalent diseases were hyperlipidemia (18 .4% ) ,breast hy‐perplasia (9 .7% ) ,hypertension (9 .1% ) ,fatty liver (6 .8% ) and cervicitis (5 .2% ) .The prevalence of hyperlipi‐demia ,hypertension and fatty liver in physical examination population were higher in male group then those of the female (P<0 .01) ,and gender distribution were also different in different age groups .Conclusions The physical examination population’s health is not optimistic .Chronic diseases ,like hyperlipidemia ,hypertension and fatty liv‐er ,present a higher prevalence and patients tends to be younger .Therefore we should pay full attention to these dis‐eases ,make regular check‐up and implement targeted prevention and intervention ,in order to reduce of chronic dis‐ease burden .