CAJ | 학술논문

工业革命以来现代人类行为所产生的影响，远远超过了环境的承受能力。回归自然，构建和谐社会成为时代的主题之一。作者从人类进化与发展的视角，重新审视和研究了第一次经济革命最具革命性的内涵：通过对第一次经济革命所引起的社会显著变化的研究，即通过对种植和豢养的出现和普及的研究，揭示了经济革命的本质。研究表明，第一次经济革命的本质是人类行为革命。因为人类行为是这场革命发生的具体承担者和直接执行者。只有人类行为的革命性创造，即人类从采集和狩猎的劳动转而从事种植和豢养的劳动，才有“种植和豢养”劳动方式的出现。纵观生物圈所有动物进化和发展的历史，人类主体行为的这一变化是独一无二的，它不是动物的本能，而是人类的伟大创造。从此，人类开始生产自己的生活资料，并把自己和动物区别开来，同时也向“种群调节”的自然法则说“不”。研究还表明，从采集和狩猎到种植和豢养的生存方式的改变，所引起的自然环境的生态变化是可逆的。在第一次经济革命发生的过程中以及革命发生后，人类与自然处于和谐的状态中。第一次经济革命的本质及环境生态反应的研究，对现代经济活动具有很好的启示作用：面对自然法则，我们并不是无能为力，我们可以能动地遵守。正如第一次经济革命那样，人类不但能动地遵守了自然规律，而且在与自然和谐相处的前提下完成人类主体行为的革命；关于科学技术的发展和运用，我们应该站在自然与人类和谐共处的立场，客观地审视科学技术的理性有限性，将科学技术的理性有限性与环境的生态要求嵌入科技创造与运用的战略和结构中去。
공업혁명이래현대인류행위소산생적영향，원원초과료배경적승수능력。회귀자연，구건화해사회성위시대적주제지일。작자종인류진화여발전적시각，중신심시화연구료제일차경제혁명최구혁명성적내함：통과대제일차경제혁명소인기적사회현저변화적연구，즉통과대충식화환양적출현화보급적연구，게시료경제혁명적본질。연구표명，제일차경제혁명적본질시인류행위혁명。인위인류행위시저장혁명발생적구체승담자화직접집행자。지유인류행위적혁명성창조，즉인류종채집화수작적노동전이종사충식화환양적노동，재유“충식화환양”노동방식적출현。종관생물권소유동물진화화발전적역사，인류주체행위적저일변화시독일무이적，타불시동물적본능，이시인류적위대창조。종차，인류개시생산자기적생활자료，병파자기화동물구별개래，동시야향“충군조절”적자연법칙설“불”。연구환표명，종채집화수작도충식화환양적생존방식적개변，소인기적자연배경적생태변화시가역적。재제일차경제혁명발생적과정중이급혁명발생후，인류여자연처우화해적상태중。제일차경제혁명적본질급배경생태반응적연구，대현대경제활동구유흔호적계시작용：면대자연법칙，아문병불시무능위력，아문가이능동지준수。정여제일차경제혁명나양，인류불단능동지준수료자연규률，이차재여자연화해상처적전제하완성인류주체행위적혁명；관우과학기술적발전화운용，아문응해참재자연여인류화해공처적립장，객관지심시과학기술적이성유한성，장과학기술적이성유한성여배경적생태요구감입과기창조여운용적전략화결구중거。
Since the Industrial Revolution, modern human activity influence has far exceeded the carrying capacity of the environment. Returning to nature, constructing harmonious relationship between nature and human beings has become one of the themes of the times. Through the perspective of human evolution and development, the author reviewed the most revolutionary connotations of the first economic revolution (the agricultural revolution):By the study on the remarkable changes caused by the first economic revolution in society, that is, by the study on the appearance and popularity of the planting and feeding, the essence of the first economic revolution is revealed. The study shows that the essence of the first economic revolution is the revolution of human behavior. As human behavior is the specific commitment and direct implementer when the revolution underwent, only after the revolutionary creation of human behavior, the human’s labor mode changing from gathering and hunting to planting and feeding, will the new labor mode—planting and feeding be established. Throughout the evolution and development history of all animals living in biosphere, this change of the human subject behavior is unique;it is not animal instinct, but a great creation of human being. Since then, humans began producing their own subsistence, and distinguished themselves from animals. Meanwhile, humans had the chutzpah to say “no” to the law of nature——“population regulation”. This study also shows that the change of ecosystem is reversible when caused by the change of human’s mode of existence, such as from gathering and hunting to planting and feeding. When the first economic revolution occurred and was completed, the human beings and the nature were harmonious with each other. The study on the essence of the first economic revolution and on the environment ecological response has great significance on the modern economic activities (on the change of human behavior):We are not powerless when we are in the face of law of nature;we can obey it actively. As humans did in the first economic revolution, ancestors not only obeyed the law of nature actively, but also implemented the great change of human subject behavior on the basis of that there was a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature; In the process of the development and application of science and technology, taking the line of human-and-nature harmonious coexistence, we should embed the limited rationality of science and technology and the ecological requirements of environment into the strategy and structure of creation and application of science and technology, after reviewing the limited rationality of science and technology objectively.