中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志
中華臨床免疫和變態反應雜誌
중화림상면역화변태반응잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY & CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
2014年
3期
188-194
,共7页
于静淼%孙劲旅%尹佳%李挚%刁颖
于靜淼%孫勁旅%尹佳%李摯%刁穎
우정묘%손경려%윤가%리지%조영
尘螨%家庭螨类%丝泊螨%粉尘螨%户尘螨%季节变化
塵螨%傢庭螨類%絲泊螨%粉塵螨%戶塵螨%季節變化
진만%가정만류%사박만%분진만%호진만%계절변화
house dust mites%domestic mites%Dermatophagoides siboney%Dermatophagoides farina%Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus%seasonal distribution
目的：调查北京地区尘螨过敏患者家庭螨类种类和比例，为北京地区尘螨防治提供理论依据。方法以北京协和医院就诊的38例北京地区尘螨过敏患者为研究对象，于2008年12月至2010年1月入户吸尘采集其所在家庭室内尘土样本，采用漂浮法收集尘土中的螨，分离制片，显微镜下分类计数并绘图。结果38个家庭共采集样本345份，螨检出率为64．6％；经分离鉴定得出蜱螨亚纲3目12科15属22种，其中丝泊尘螨为我国致敏螨类一新纪录种；昆虫纲啮虫目1科1属2种。在分析的1798个标本中，主要致敏螨种前3位的依次为粉尘螨（62．46％），户尘螨（21．47％）和丝泊螨（5．28％）。对不同采集地点的调查结果表明，平房（91．1％）样本阳性率高于楼房（59．5％）。对不同生活环境螨密度的数据分析表明，枕头的平均螨密度最高，达到282只螨/克尘土，其次为床褥（120只螨/克尘土）和沙发（115只螨/克尘土）。平均螨密度在9至10月达最高峰，5至7月和12月至次年1月也出现2个高峰，3月和11月密度最低。结论本研究首次发现并报道了北京地区存在的丝泊尘螨，亦属于亚洲首次报道。北京地区室内优势螨种为粉尘螨，其次为屋尘螨和丝泊尘螨，平均螨密度在9至10月达最高峰。
目的：調查北京地區塵螨過敏患者傢庭螨類種類和比例，為北京地區塵螨防治提供理論依據。方法以北京協和醫院就診的38例北京地區塵螨過敏患者為研究對象，于2008年12月至2010年1月入戶吸塵採集其所在傢庭室內塵土樣本，採用漂浮法收集塵土中的螨，分離製片，顯微鏡下分類計數併繪圖。結果38箇傢庭共採集樣本345份，螨檢齣率為64．6％；經分離鑒定得齣蜱螨亞綱3目12科15屬22種，其中絲泊塵螨為我國緻敏螨類一新紀錄種；昆蟲綱齧蟲目1科1屬2種。在分析的1798箇標本中，主要緻敏螨種前3位的依次為粉塵螨（62．46％），戶塵螨（21．47％）和絲泊螨（5．28％）。對不同採集地點的調查結果錶明，平房（91．1％）樣本暘性率高于樓房（59．5％）。對不同生活環境螨密度的數據分析錶明，枕頭的平均螨密度最高，達到282隻螨/剋塵土，其次為床褥（120隻螨/剋塵土）和沙髮（115隻螨/剋塵土）。平均螨密度在9至10月達最高峰，5至7月和12月至次年1月也齣現2箇高峰，3月和11月密度最低。結論本研究首次髮現併報道瞭北京地區存在的絲泊塵螨，亦屬于亞洲首次報道。北京地區室內優勢螨種為粉塵螨，其次為屋塵螨和絲泊塵螨，平均螨密度在9至10月達最高峰。
목적：조사북경지구진만과민환자가정만류충류화비례，위북경지구진만방치제공이론의거。방법이북경협화의원취진적38례북경지구진만과민환자위연구대상，우2008년12월지2010년1월입호흡진채집기소재가정실내진토양본，채용표부법수집진토중적만，분리제편，현미경하분류계수병회도。결과38개가정공채집양본345빈，만검출솔위64．6％；경분리감정득출비만아강3목12과15속22충，기중사박진만위아국치민만류일신기록충；곤충강교충목1과1속2충。재분석적1798개표본중，주요치민만충전3위적의차위분진만（62．46％），호진만（21．47％）화사박만（5．28％）。대불동채집지점적조사결과표명，평방（91．1％）양본양성솔고우루방（59．5％）。대불동생활배경만밀도적수거분석표명，침두적평균만밀도최고，체도282지만/극진토，기차위상욕（120지만/극진토）화사발（115지만/극진토）。평균만밀도재9지10월체최고봉，5지7월화12월지차년1월야출현2개고봉，3월화11월밀도최저。결론본연구수차발현병보도료북경지구존재적사박진만，역속우아주수차보도。북경지구실내우세만충위분진만，기차위옥진만화사박진만，평균만밀도재9지10월체최고봉。
Background To investigate the species and proportion of mites in house dust from mite-allergic patients'families in Beijing area,forming the basis of evidence for the prevention and treatment of dust mite allergy.Methods The house dust samples were collected in 38 houses of mite-allergic patients by vacuuming from December 2008 to January 2010.Mites were collected by flotation method from house dust samples.House dust samples were prepared on slides,and mites were identified under microscopy. Results 345 house dust samples were collected,in which 64.6% were infested with mites.Totally 22 species of 15 genera representing 12 families belonging 3 orders of Acari,and 2 species of 1 genera representing 1 family belonging to Psocoptera of Insecta were identified.Dermatophagoides siboney,which can also cause allergic diseases,was first found in China.Among all 1798 specimens,Dermatophagoides farinae (62.46%),Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (21.47%),Dermatophagoides siboney (5.28%)were the top three predominant species among the mites in house dust samples in Beijing.The positive rates of samples were higher in bungalow (91.1%)and lower in storeyed house (59.5%).The mite density was highest in pillows (282 individuals/g dust),followed by mattresses (120 individuals/g dust)and sofas (115 individuals/g dust).The density of domestic mites was highest in September through October and lowest in March and November.Conclussion Dermatophagoides siboney was first found in Beijing,China,and also was first reported in Asia and in temperate zone.Dermatophagoides farinae (64.5%)was the predominant species in house dust samples in Beijing,which was followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(22.2%) and Dermatophagoides siboney (5.3%).The density of domestic mites was highest in September through October since December 2008 to January 2010.
