中国马铃薯
中國馬鈴藷
중국마령서
CHINESE POTATO
2014年
5期
286-291
,共6页
青海省%半干旱区%马铃薯%施肥
青海省%半榦旱區%馬鈴藷%施肥
청해성%반간한구%마령서%시비
Qinghai Province%semiarid area%potato%fertilization
为明确青海省半干旱地区马铃薯施肥现状，在马铃薯典型种植区乐都县选取4个乡镇进行农户肥料养分投入调查。调查结果分析表明，调查区域马铃薯平均产量为25199 kg/hm2；氮肥投入农户17.4%适中、23.1%偏高、44.6%很高；9.9%的农户磷肥投入量适中，偏高和很高的占21.5%和59.5%；钾肥投入量适中的农户占6.6%，偏低的占56.2%，很低的占27.3%。在肥料投入总量中有机肥分别占氮肥总量的10.2%，磷肥总量的6.1%，钾肥总量的12.1%。作基肥投入的氮肥占87.1%，磷肥占95.3%，钾肥占99.4%。显然，氮肥和磷肥施用过量，钾肥重视不足，化肥偏多、有机肥偏少，基肥偏多、追肥偏少问题是目前青海省半干旱区马铃薯养分投入中存在的主要问题。
為明確青海省半榦旱地區馬鈴藷施肥現狀，在馬鈴藷典型種植區樂都縣選取4箇鄉鎮進行農戶肥料養分投入調查。調查結果分析錶明，調查區域馬鈴藷平均產量為25199 kg/hm2；氮肥投入農戶17.4%適中、23.1%偏高、44.6%很高；9.9%的農戶燐肥投入量適中，偏高和很高的佔21.5%和59.5%；鉀肥投入量適中的農戶佔6.6%，偏低的佔56.2%，很低的佔27.3%。在肥料投入總量中有機肥分彆佔氮肥總量的10.2%，燐肥總量的6.1%，鉀肥總量的12.1%。作基肥投入的氮肥佔87.1%，燐肥佔95.3%，鉀肥佔99.4%。顯然，氮肥和燐肥施用過量，鉀肥重視不足，化肥偏多、有機肥偏少，基肥偏多、追肥偏少問題是目前青海省半榦旱區馬鈴藷養分投入中存在的主要問題。
위명학청해성반간한지구마령서시비현상，재마령서전형충식구악도현선취4개향진진행농호비료양분투입조사。조사결과분석표명，조사구역마령서평균산량위25199 kg/hm2；담비투입농호17.4%괄중、23.1%편고、44.6%흔고；9.9%적농호린비투입량괄중，편고화흔고적점21.5%화59.5%；갑비투입량괄중적농호점6.6%，편저적점56.2%，흔저적점27.3%。재비료투입총량중유궤비분별점담비총량적10.2%，린비총량적6.1%，갑비총량적12.1%。작기비투입적담비점87.1%，린비점95.3%，갑비점99.4%。현연，담비화린비시용과량，갑비중시불족，화비편다、유궤비편소，기비편다、추비편소문제시목전청해성반간한구마령서양분투입중존재적주요문제。
In order to make clear the fertilizer application status on potato in the semiarid areas of Qinghai Province, investigation and analysis of the nutrient inputs were carried out in four towns of Ledu County which were typical potato planting areas.The results showed that the average yield of potato was 25 199 kg/ha in the area surveyed.For N input, 17.4%of households was moderate, 23.1%was high, and 44.6%was very high.For P input, 9.9%of households was moderate, 21.5%was high, and 59.5%was very high.However, for K input, 6.6%of households was moderate, 56.2%was low, and 27.3%was very low.Of the total fertilizer application, organic nutrient accounted for only 10.2%, 6.1%and 12.1%, respectively, of the total nitrogen, phosphate and potassium nutrients. Nitrogen, phosphate and potassium nutrients as base fertilizer account for 87.1%, 95.3%and 99.4%, respectively, of the total input.Obviously, the main problems for fertilizer application in the semiarid areas of Qinghai Province are that N and P application is excessive and K is insufficient;chemical fertilizer input is high and organic fertilizer is low;and base fertilizer application rate is high and additional fertilizer is low.
