中国农村水利水电
中國農村水利水電
중국농촌수이수전
CHINA RURAL WATER AND HYDROPOWER
2014年
10期
137-141
,共5页
土石坝%坝壳料%渗透系数%现场渗透试验%粗粒土
土石壩%壩殼料%滲透繫數%現場滲透試驗%粗粒土
토석패%패각료%삼투계수%현장삼투시험%조립토
earth-rock dam%dam shell material%in-situ permeability test%permeability coefficient%coarse-grained soil
土石坝填筑后的渗透特性是评价施工质量的重要指标。针对云南省内5个新建的土石坝工程的坝壳料，采用试坑单环注水、试坑直接注水和室内粗粒土常水头渗透方法进行坝壳料的渗透系数测定，将三种测试方法获得的渗透系数进行了对比。研究表明，试坑直接注水法适用于适用于渗透系数较大的坝壳料（1×10-1～1×10-3 cm/s），试坑单环注水法适用于渗透系数稍小的土料（＜1×10-2 cm/s），而室内常水头法适用于各类坝壳料的渗透材料；需要根据情况采取合理的测试方法测定不同坝壳料的渗透性。试坑直接注水法所测渗透系数与试坑单环注水法的结果较为接近，测试结果能反映坝壳料碾压后的渗流过程，测试速度快，仪器安装简便，在工期较为紧迫的条件下，可以采用试坑直接注水法代替单环法进行坝壳料渗透系数的现场测定。
土石壩填築後的滲透特性是評價施工質量的重要指標。針對雲南省內5箇新建的土石壩工程的壩殼料，採用試坑單環註水、試坑直接註水和室內粗粒土常水頭滲透方法進行壩殼料的滲透繫數測定，將三種測試方法穫得的滲透繫數進行瞭對比。研究錶明，試坑直接註水法適用于適用于滲透繫數較大的壩殼料（1×10-1～1×10-3 cm/s），試坑單環註水法適用于滲透繫數稍小的土料（＜1×10-2 cm/s），而室內常水頭法適用于各類壩殼料的滲透材料；需要根據情況採取閤理的測試方法測定不同壩殼料的滲透性。試坑直接註水法所測滲透繫數與試坑單環註水法的結果較為接近，測試結果能反映壩殼料碾壓後的滲流過程，測試速度快，儀器安裝簡便，在工期較為緊迫的條件下，可以採用試坑直接註水法代替單環法進行壩殼料滲透繫數的現場測定。
토석패전축후적삼투특성시평개시공질량적중요지표。침대운남성내5개신건적토석패공정적패각료，채용시갱단배주수、시갱직접주수화실내조립토상수두삼투방법진행패각료적삼투계수측정，장삼충측시방법획득적삼투계수진행료대비。연구표명，시갱직접주수법괄용우괄용우삼투계수교대적패각료（1×10-1～1×10-3 cm/s），시갱단배주수법괄용우삼투계수초소적토료（＜1×10-2 cm/s），이실내상수두법괄용우각류패각료적삼투재료；수요근거정황채취합리적측시방법측정불동패각료적삼투성。시갱직접주수법소측삼투계수여시갱단배주수법적결과교위접근，측시결과능반영패각료년압후적삼류과정，측시속도쾌，의기안장간편，재공기교위긴박적조건하，가이채용시갱직접주수법대체단배법진행패각료삼투계수적현장측정。
Permeability characteristic is one of the important indexes for evaluating earth-rock dam construction quality .Three meth-ods are adopted for measuring the permeability coefficients on the dam shell material from five new soil-rock dam in Yunnan prov-ince .Three methods are choose to measure the permeability coefficients of the dam shell material respectively ,that is in-situ single-ring infiltration test ,direct infiltration test and constant head method .The measured data are analyzed and compared .The results show that each of the measuring methods has applicability ,respectively .Direct infiltration test can be adopted for the material whose permeability coefficient is large .In-situ single-ring infiltration test can be used to measure the small permeability coefficient of the materials .And the constant head method is suited for measuring the permeability coefficient of different materials .The reasonable methods should be adopted for different dam shell materials according to the nature of the materials .The difference of permeability coefficient is small which is measured by the direct infiltration test and in-situ single-ring infiltration test .The measuring process of the direct infiltration test is consistent with the seepage process in the dam shell material after the rolling compaction .The main ad-vantages of the direct infiltration test are that the measured speed is quick and simple testing operations .Hence ,the method could be used to measure the permeability coefficient instead of the in-situ single-ring infiltration method when the time limit for a project is short .
