中国农村水利水电
中國農村水利水電
중국농촌수이수전
CHINA RURAL WATER AND HYDROPOWER
2014年
10期
65-67,79
,共4页
土壤含水率%土壤盐分%向日葵%沙封膜孔%成活率
土壤含水率%土壤鹽分%嚮日葵%沙封膜孔%成活率
토양함수솔%토양염분%향일규%사봉막공%성활솔
water content of soil%soil salinity%sand seal film hole%survival rate%sunflower
为了提高河套灌区盐碱地向日葵的出苗率和存活率，试验采用了沙封膜孔，土封膜孔和常规种植三种种植方式。在向日葵的播种前、出苗期和幼苗期分别监测不同处理0～100 cm的土壤水分、盐分及向日葵出苗率和幼苗生长状况。结果表明：在向日葵播种前，不同处理土壤含水率、土壤盐分均无差异，在出苗期和幼苗期出现差异且幼苗期差异更显著。在幼苗期沙封膜孔较常规种植在0～10 cm土层土壤含水率降低了15．79％，土壤盐分降低了23．13％，在10～20 cm土层土壤含水率降低了14．51％，土壤盐分降低了26．19％，沙封膜孔较土封膜孔在0～10 cm 土层土壤含水率降低了9．1％，土壤盐分降低了6．61％，在10～20 cm 土层土壤含水率降低了6．78％，土壤盐分降低了11．43％，在大于40 cm土层以下的土壤含水率和盐分基本保持一致，没有差异。沙封膜孔的出苗率和存活率较常规种植，分别提高了23．42％和20．96％。沙封膜孔促进向日葵幼苗的生长，株高、茎粗、根系深度和幅度都有不同程度的增加，地上部分和地下部分的生物量显著增加。河套灌区盐碱地地膜采用沙封膜孔种植，可降低土壤含水率，阻碍土壤盐分表聚，提高了向日葵出苗率和存活率。
為瞭提高河套灌區鹽堿地嚮日葵的齣苗率和存活率，試驗採用瞭沙封膜孔，土封膜孔和常規種植三種種植方式。在嚮日葵的播種前、齣苗期和幼苗期分彆鑑測不同處理0～100 cm的土壤水分、鹽分及嚮日葵齣苗率和幼苗生長狀況。結果錶明：在嚮日葵播種前，不同處理土壤含水率、土壤鹽分均無差異，在齣苗期和幼苗期齣現差異且幼苗期差異更顯著。在幼苗期沙封膜孔較常規種植在0～10 cm土層土壤含水率降低瞭15．79％，土壤鹽分降低瞭23．13％，在10～20 cm土層土壤含水率降低瞭14．51％，土壤鹽分降低瞭26．19％，沙封膜孔較土封膜孔在0～10 cm 土層土壤含水率降低瞭9．1％，土壤鹽分降低瞭6．61％，在10～20 cm 土層土壤含水率降低瞭6．78％，土壤鹽分降低瞭11．43％，在大于40 cm土層以下的土壤含水率和鹽分基本保持一緻，沒有差異。沙封膜孔的齣苗率和存活率較常規種植，分彆提高瞭23．42％和20．96％。沙封膜孔促進嚮日葵幼苗的生長，株高、莖粗、根繫深度和幅度都有不同程度的增加，地上部分和地下部分的生物量顯著增加。河套灌區鹽堿地地膜採用沙封膜孔種植，可降低土壤含水率，阻礙土壤鹽分錶聚，提高瞭嚮日葵齣苗率和存活率。
위료제고하투관구염감지향일규적출묘솔화존활솔，시험채용료사봉막공，토봉막공화상규충식삼충충식방식。재향일규적파충전、출묘기화유묘기분별감측불동처리0～100 cm적토양수분、염분급향일규출묘솔화유묘생장상황。결과표명：재향일규파충전，불동처리토양함수솔、토양염분균무차이，재출묘기화유묘기출현차이차유묘기차이경현저。재유묘기사봉막공교상규충식재0～10 cm토층토양함수솔강저료15．79％，토양염분강저료23．13％，재10～20 cm토층토양함수솔강저료14．51％，토양염분강저료26．19％，사봉막공교토봉막공재0～10 cm 토층토양함수솔강저료9．1％，토양염분강저료6．61％，재10～20 cm 토층토양함수솔강저료6．78％，토양염분강저료11．43％，재대우40 cm토층이하적토양함수솔화염분기본보지일치，몰유차이。사봉막공적출묘솔화존활솔교상규충식，분별제고료23．42％화20．96％。사봉막공촉진향일규유묘적생장，주고、경조、근계심도화폭도도유불동정도적증가，지상부분화지하부분적생물량현저증가。하투관구염감지지막채용사봉막공충식，가강저토양함수솔，조애토양염분표취，제고료향일규출묘솔화존활솔。
In order to improve the saline-alkali land Hetao Irrigation District sunflower seedling emergence and survival of test used sand sealing film hole ,soil sealing film hole and conventionally grown three planting ways .In sunflower before sowing ,seedling and seedling period monitoring of different processing of 0~100 cm soil water ,salt and the status of the sunflower seedling emergence and seedling growth .Results show that before the sunflower seeds ,different treatments of soil moisture content ,soil salinity had no differences ,differences in seedling stage and seedling stage and seedling stage difference is more significant .In seedling stage sand sealing film hole more conventionally grown in 0~10 cm soil layer soil moisture content decreased by 15 .79% ,the soil salt decreased by 23 .13% ,10~20 cm soil layer soil moisture content decreased by 14 .51% ,the soil salt decreased by 26 .19% ,sand sealing film hole sealing film hole from soil in 0~10 cm soil layer soil moisture content decreased by 9 .1% ,the soil salt decreased by 6 .61% ,10~20 cm soil layer soil moisture content decreased by 6 .78% ,the soil salt decreased by 11 .43% ,in more than 40 cm soil layer below the soil moisture content and salt mass fraction basic consistent ,with no difference .The seedling emergence and survival of sealing film hole is conventionally grown ,increased by 23 .42% and 23 .42% respectively .Sand sealing film holes promote sunflower seed-ling growth ,plant height ,stem diameter ,root depth and rate increased significantly ,aerial part and underground part of the biomass increased significantly .Hetao Irrigation Area Saline-alkali mulch use sealing film hole planting of sand ,which can reduce the soil moisture content ,hinder the soil salt tables together ,raised the sunflower seedling emergence and survival .
