CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨中国不同性别、城乡、教育水平人群精神障碍风险的特征，为各人群精神障碍的预防和干预提供参考。方法采用随机整群抽样法，在全国18省市分层抽取健康人13080人，发放中国精神疾病预测量表收集数据，采用SPSS 17.0进行统计学处理。分别进行描述性统计分析、独立样本t检验。结果（1）女性心理防御不良、精神病性、抑郁、神经症、应激源、人格偏移、个性内向、成长经历因子分显著高于男性（P＜0.05）。（2）城市人群人格偏移、躁狂的因子分显著高于乡镇人群（P＜0.05）。（3）高中及以上文化程度人群心理防御不良、精神病性、抑郁、神经症、应激源、人格偏移、个性内向、躁狂、成长经历因子分显著低于初中及以下文化程度人群（P＜0.05）。结论中国不同人群的精神障碍特征存在差异，个体性别、城乡、文化程度的差异可表现出不同的精神障碍风险特征。
목적：탐토중국불동성별、성향、교육수평인군정신장애풍험적특정，위각인군정신장애적예방화간예제공삼고。방법채용수궤정군추양법，재전국18성시분층추취건강인13080인，발방중국정신질병예측량표수집수거，채용SPSS 17.0진행통계학처리。분별진행묘술성통계분석、독립양본t검험。결과（1）녀성심리방어불량、정신병성、억욱、신경증、응격원、인격편이、개성내향、성장경력인자분현저고우남성（P＜0.05）。（2）성시인군인격편이、조광적인자분현저고우향진인군（P＜0.05）。（3）고중급이상문화정도인군심리방어불량、정신병성、억욱、신경증、응격원、인격편이、개성내향、조광、성장경력인자분현저저우초중급이하문화정도인군（P＜0.05）。결론중국불동인군적정신장애특정존재차이，개체성별、성향、문화정도적차이가표현출불동적정신장애풍험특정。
Objective To investigate the risk feature of mental disorders in Chinese who had different gender and different education level, came from different urban and rural. To provide reference for the prevention and intervention of mental disorders in the population. Methods In eighteen provinces, 13 080 healthy people were selected by using stratified cluster random sampling method. They were provided with China positive beliefs scale and China sleep disturbance scale. Data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Statical processing contained descriptive statistics, independent sample t test. Results (1)The score of female was significantly higher than that of male in unhealthy psychological defense, psychosis, depression, neurosis, stressor, personality deviation, personality growth experience factor (P<0.05). (2)The factor score of city population was significantly higher than that of rural population (P<0.05) in personality deviation, mania. (3)The factor score of high school graduated was significantly lower than that of junior high school educated in the unhealthy psychological defense, psychosis, depression, neurosis, stressor, personality-deviation, introversion, mania (P<0.05). Conclusion There exists differences in the characteristics of mental disorders in Chinese. Individual differences in gender, urban and rural, educational degree also result in different characteristics of mental disorders.