CAJ | 학술논문

马齿苋是广东规模化菜场菜薹田的重要杂草，为明确其年发生动态，采用倒置“W”九点取样法，对广东2个规模化菜场菜薹田马齿苋年发生动态进行调查。结果表明，1-3月和11-12月马齿苋种群密度最低，4月开始略有升高，6月迅速升高，7-9月田间马齿苋种群密度和生物量均达到高峰，形成单一的杂草群落，危害成灾。为明确马齿苋危害高峰期人工防除经济阈值，采用添加系列试验和模型拟合的方法，研究了马齿苋密度对菜薹生长和产量性状的影响，结果表明：在马齿苋的竞争干扰下，菜薹的叶面积、株高和产量均随马齿苋密度的增加而下降，幂函数模型较好地拟合了马齿苋密度与菜薹产量（y＝-412．779x0．433＋12434．801，P ＜0．0001）和产量损失（y＝3．323x0．433-0．361， P＜0．0001）间的关系。马齿苋危害高峰期进行人工除草，其经济危害允许水平为5．8％，经济阈值为4．2株/m2。
마치현시엄동규모화채장채대전적중요잡초，위명학기년발생동태，채용도치“W”구점취양법，대엄동2개규모화채장채대전마치현년발생동태진행조사。결과표명，1-3월화11-12월마치현충군밀도최저，4월개시략유승고，6월신속승고，7-9월전간마치현충군밀도화생물량균체도고봉，형성단일적잡초군락，위해성재。위명학마치현위해고봉기인공방제경제역치，채용첨가계렬시험화모형의합적방법，연구료마치현밀도대채대생장화산량성상적영향，결과표명：재마치현적경쟁간우하，채대적협면적、주고화산량균수마치현밀도적증가이하강，멱함수모형교호지의합료마치현밀도여채대산량（y＝-412．779x0．433＋12434．801，P ＜0．0001）화산량손실（y＝3．323x0．433-0．361， P＜0．0001）간적관계。마치현위해고봉기진행인공제초，기경제위해윤허수평위5．8％，경제역치위4．2주/m2。
Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)is a worst weed mainly occurring in false pakchoi (Brassica para-chinensis L.H.Bailey)fields of large-scale vegetable farms in Guangdong Province.To clarify the trends of purs-lane’s annual occurrence,a survey was conducted in the false pakchoi fields of two large-scale vegetable farms in Guangdong using an inverted W-pattern 9-point sampling method.The results showed that purslane population density and biomass were both the lowest during January to March and November to December every year,with the population density starting to rise slightly in April,and then rising rapidly during May to June;during July to September,purslane’s population density and biomass both climaxed,thus forming single weed colonies and cau-sing disastrous harms.To determine the economic threshold for manual weeding,influence of purslane density on the yields and components of false pakchoi was investigated by additive series experiments and model fitting.The results showed that under the interferences of purslane,leaf area,stem height and yield loss of false pakchoi all decreased gradually along with the increase of weed density.The power function model y =-412.779x 0.433 +12 434.801 and y =3.323x 0.433 -0.361 were the best for describing the relationships between yield and yield loss, respectively.During the climax of purslane’s harm in the false pakchoi field,the economic infestation level for manual weeding was 5.8% and the economic threshold was about 4.2 plant per m2 .