CAJ | 학술논문

目的：掌握湖南省血吸虫病流行区在达到传播控制（传控）、传播阻断（传阻）前后螺情和病情的动态变化规律，为血吸虫病防治工作提供科学依据。方法选择湖南省武陵区、西湖管理区和临澧县为调查县（区）。采取回顾性调查方法，搜集、记录3个县达到传控前10年至2008年的血吸虫病疫情资料，建立调查资料数据库，分析各县螺情、病情变化趁势及规律。结果武陵区疫情逐年下降，于1974年降至查不到钉螺、病人、病畜，并保持至2008年；西湖区首次达传控后疫情出现大幅度回升，于1997年再次达传控，此后疫情保持稳定，感染性钉螺面积与人群血吸虫感染率呈正相关（r=0.584，P＜0.05）；临澧县在2次达到查不到钉螺、病人、病畜的疫情水平下，2次疫情回升过程中，均有螺情回升。武陵区和临澧县1960年至首次查不到钉螺期间，钉螺密度与人群、家畜血吸虫感染率呈正相关（r武陵区人群=0.965，P＜0.05，r武陵区家畜=0.970，P＜0.05；r临澧县人群=0.923，P＜0.05，r临澧县家畜=0.908，P＜0.05）。结论螺情为血吸虫病疫情回升预警的重要指标之一；钉螺控制是血吸虫病防控的重要措施之一。
목적：장악호남성혈흡충병류행구재체도전파공제（전공）、전파조단（전조）전후라정화병정적동태변화규률，위혈흡충병방치공작제공과학의거。방법선택호남성무릉구、서호관리구화림례현위조사현（구）。채취회고성조사방법，수집、기록3개현체도전공전10년지2008년적혈흡충병역정자료，건립조사자료수거고，분석각현라정、병정변화진세급규률。결과무릉구역정축년하강，우1974년강지사불도정라、병인、병축，병보지지2008년；서호구수차체전공후역정출현대폭도회승，우1997년재차체전공，차후역정보지은정，감염성정라면적여인군혈흡충감염솔정정상관（r=0.584，P＜0.05）；림례현재2차체도사불도정라、병인、병축적역정수평하，2차역정회승과정중，균유라정회승。무릉구화림례현1960년지수차사불도정라기간，정라밀도여인군、가축혈흡충감염솔정정상관（r무릉구인군=0.965，P＜0.05，r무릉구가축=0.970，P＜0.05；r림례현인군=0.923，P＜0.05，r림례현가축=0.908，P＜0.05）。결론라정위혈흡충병역정회승예경적중요지표지일；정라공제시혈흡충병방공적중요조시지일。
Objective To understand the dynamic rules of schistosomiasis endemic situation before and after reaching the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission controlled or transmission interrupted,so as to provide the evidence for improving schis-tosomiasis control. Methods Wuling District,Xihu District and Linli County were selected and investigated retrospectively to collect the schistosomiasis epidemiological information 10 years before they reached the criteria of transmission controlled and the subsequent years until 2008. A database of retrospective investigation was established for analyzing the trends and rules of changes of the Oncomelania hupensis snail status and infection status of cattle and human. Results In Wuling District,the en-demic situation was declining,and no schistosome infection persons,animals and snails were found after 1974. There was no re-bound until 2008. In Xihu District,the endemic situation reached the criteria of transmission controlled in 1997,and the endem-ic situation was stable. The human infection rate was positively correlated with the area of infection snails(r=0.584,P<0.05). In Linli County,there were no snails,no infected persons and cattle twice,but 2 endemic rebounds,and there were positive corre-lations between the densities of living snails and the infection rates of human and animal during the endemic rebound period. Conclusion The snail status is an important indicator of schistosomiasis endemic rebound. Therefore,the snail control is one of the most important schistosomiasis control measures.