CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解2型糖尿病患者吸烟／戒烟知识掌握情况，分析2型糖尿病吸烟者戒烟依从性与吸烟／戒烟知识的关系，以及戒烟依从性与空腹血糖的关系。方法采用问卷调查法了解2型糖尿病患者吸烟／戒烟知识、戒烟依从性；采用前瞻性对照研究方法，纵向观察受调查对象12个月的空腹血糖平均值变化；通过统计学分析了解其中的关系。结果受访的220例2型糖尿病患者中，有193例患者完成全部的随访研究，其中吸烟者100例，非吸烟者93例；所有患者的“吸烟对糖尿病危害知识”得分（18.30±6．07），显著低于“戒烟知识”得分（19．81±4．94）和吸烟对身体危害知识得分（20．44±5．45），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），但在吸烟组与非吸烟组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。吸烟组和非吸烟组就诊后1个月的空腹血糖比较差异有统计学意义（P＝0．29）。吸烟组在就诊后1个月的戒烟依从性得分为（2．14±0．88）分，优于就诊后6个月（2．52±1．04）分和12个月（2．68±1．12）分，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。吸烟组戒烟依从性得分与“吸烟／戒烟相关知识”得分无相关性（P＞0．05）；与就诊前吸烟量、就诊后月平均空腹血糖有相关性（P＜0．01）；“吸烟／戒烟相关知识”得分与“吸烟史”得分有相关性（P＜0．05）。结论2型糖尿病吸烟患者可能存在对戒烟知识的掌握不足；吸烟能在一定程度上影响空腹血糖控制水平，但不是决定性的因素；吸烟／戒烟知识与吸烟／戒烟行为存在分离，可通过利用行为决策的相关心理学机制指导今后的健康教育内容、模式，加强对行为的训练，积极引导家属和其他监督力量的参与，进一步改善2型糖尿病患者的戒烟依从性。
목적：료해2형당뇨병환자흡연／계연지식장악정황，분석2형당뇨병흡연자계연의종성여흡연／계연지식적관계，이급계연의종성여공복혈당적관계。방법채용문권조사법료해2형당뇨병환자흡연／계연지식、계연의종성；채용전첨성대조연구방법，종향관찰수조사대상12개월적공복혈당평균치변화；통과통계학분석료해기중적관계。결과수방적220례2형당뇨병환자중，유193례환자완성전부적수방연구，기중흡연자100례，비흡연자93례；소유환자적“흡연대당뇨병위해지식”득분（18.30±6．07），현저저우“계연지식”득분（19．81±4．94）화흡연대신체위해지식득분（20．44±5．45），차이유통계학의의（P＜0．05），단재흡연조여비흡연조간비교차이무통계학의의（P＞0．05）。흡연조화비흡연조취진후1개월적공복혈당비교차이유통계학의의（P＝0．29）。흡연조재취진후1개월적계연의종성득분위（2．14±0．88）분，우우취진후6개월（2．52±1．04）분화12개월（2．68±1．12）분，차이유통계학의의（P＜0．01）。흡연조계연의종성득분여“흡연／계연상관지식”득분무상관성（P＞0．05）；여취진전흡연량、취진후월평균공복혈당유상관성（P＜0．01）；“흡연／계연상관지식”득분여“흡연사”득분유상관성（P＜0．05）。결론2형당뇨병흡연환자가능존재대계연지식적장악불족；흡연능재일정정도상영향공복혈당공제수평，단불시결정성적인소；흡연／계연지식여흡연／계연행위존재분리，가통과이용행위결책적상관심이학궤제지도금후적건강교육내용、모식，가강대행위적훈련，적겁인도가속화기타감독역량적삼여，진일보개선2형당뇨병환자적계연의종성。
Objective To understand the master condition of knowledge of smoking /smoking cessation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus , and to analyze the correlation between the knowledge of smoking /smoking cessation , the compliance of smoking cessation and fasting plasma glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus .Methods The knowledge of smoking/smoking cessation and the compliance of smoking cessation were surveyed by the questionnaire in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus .The average of fasting plasma glucose during 12 months in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was longitudinally observed through the prospective randomized study . The correlation between the knowledge of smoking/smoking cessation , the compliance of smoking cessation and fasting plasma glucose was analyzed by the statistical analysis .Results Two hundred and twenty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were interviewed , and 193 patients including 100 cases with smoking and 93 cases with non-smoking finished the follow-up study.The score of the knowledge of“smoking is harmful to the diabetes” was (18.30 ±6.07), and was lower than the scores of knowledge of smoking cessation (19.81 ±4.94) and “smoking is harmful to health” in all patients, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0 .05 ) , but no difference was found in the smoking group and non-smoking group (P>0.05).The difference was found in the fasting plasma glucose in the smoking group and non-smoking group one month after the treatment (P=0.29).The average score of compliance of smoking cessation in the smoking group was (2.14 ±0.88) one month after the treatment, and was better than (2.52 ±1.04) six months after the treatment and (2.68 ±1.12) twelve months after the treatment , and difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).No correlation was found in scores of the knowledge of smoking /smoking cessation and the compliance of smoking cessation in the smoking group (P>0.05); there was the correlation between the compliance of smoking cessation and the number of smoking before the treatment , the average fasting plasma glucose every month after the treatment;there was the correlation between the scores of knowledge of smoking /smoking cessation and history of smoking (P<0.05).Conclusions The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus do not fully master the knowledge of smoking cessation;the smoking can affect the control level of fasting plasma glucose to a certain extent , but is not the decisive factor; the knowledge of smoking/smoking cessation is separate from the behavior of smoking/smoking cessation .The compliance of smoking cessation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be improved through guiding the content and mode of health education in the future using the related psychological mechanism of decision-making behavior , strengthening the behavior training , and actively guiding the participation of families and other supervision .