CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨医院护理员的发展现状，为完善护理员职业规范化管理提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法，对天津市、南京市、长沙市和重庆市的8家三级甲等医院、2家二级甲等医院共538名护理员的社会人口学特征、教育培训、待遇保障、工作情况和满意度进行现状调查，使用SPSS 17．0软件对收集的数据进行统计分析。结果本次调查的538名护理员中，女性占87．9％，年龄40～49岁的占53.0％，来自农村的占78．3％，初中及以下学历占73．6％；护理员的持证率为15．1％，参加过岗前培训的占96．5％，参加过职业资格培训的占31．4％，平均月收入为1902．5元，享有五险一金仅占9．8％，单日平均工作时间＞8 h的占41．4％；护理员工作内容比例最高的是对床单位及个人用物进行整理及更换占92．3％，最低的工作内容是测量腋下体温占26．3％；50．3％的护理员有过转行或转岗的想法，对收入和福利的满意度只有43．1％，亲朋好友对护理员职业表示一般或者不认同的占50．8％。结论护理员以中年女性为主，文化素质不高，专业培训少，收入水平低，工作强度大，服务范围局限，队伍稳定性和职业认同度较差。
목적：탐토의원호리원적발전현상，위완선호리원직업규범화관리제공의거。방법채용문권조사법，대천진시、남경시、장사시화중경시적8가삼급갑등의원、2가이급갑등의원공538명호리원적사회인구학특정、교육배훈、대우보장、공작정황화만의도진행현상조사，사용SPSS 17．0연건대수집적수거진행통계분석。결과본차조사적538명호리원중，녀성점87．9％，년령40～49세적점53.0％，래자농촌적점78．3％，초중급이하학력점73．6％；호리원적지증솔위15．1％，삼가과강전배훈적점96．5％，삼가과직업자격배훈적점31．4％，평균월수입위1902．5원，향유오험일금부점9．8％，단일평균공작시간＞8 h적점41．4％；호리원공작내용비례최고적시대상단위급개인용물진행정리급경환점92．3％，최저적공작내용시측량액하체온점26．3％；50．3％적호리원유과전행혹전강적상법，대수입화복리적만의도지유43．1％，친붕호우대호리원직업표시일반혹자불인동적점50．8％。결론호리원이중년녀성위주，문화소질불고，전업배훈소，수입수평저，공작강도대，복무범위국한，대오은정성화직업인동도교차。
Objective To explore the development situation of hospital nursing assistants in certain regions of China in order to provide reference and evidence for improving the professional standardization management of nursing assistants .Methods Used questionnaire survey to investigate and analyze 538 nursing assistants'social demographic characteristics , education training , welfare, working conditions and degree of satisfaction.Results In the surveyed sample, 87.9% respondents were female nursing assistants; and 53.0%aged 40 to 49;78.3% came from rural area;73.6% only received middle school education or had lower education background.The nursing assistants who participated in pre-service training accounted for 96.5%, who participated in professional qualification training accounted for 31.4%, and only 15.1% had certification.The average monthly income of nursing assistants was 1902.5 RMB, but only 9.8%respondents had insurance and housing fund.41.4% nursing assistants had average daily working time longer than 8 hours.The highest proportion work done by nursing assistants was sorting and replacing the bed unit and personal items (92.3%), while the lowest percentage work was measuring axillary temperature for patients (26.3%).50.3% nursing assistants once had the idea of changing career, and 50.8% respondents'relatives and friends had a general thought or disagreed to their profession.In the sample, the satisfaction degree of the income and welfare was the lowest (43.1%).Conclusions Nursing assistants were almostly middle-aged women,who were normally without higher education and enough training .They did intensive work while received very low income;the service range provided by them was limited , too; and the stability of the team and occupation identity were poor.