CAJ | 학술논문

目的：采取核酸检测（NAT ）技术进行血液筛查，减少由献血者感染“窗口期”及隐匿感染献血引起的疾病传播。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）对54358份献血者标本进行乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体（抗-HIV）、丙型肝炎病毒抗体（HCV-Ab）检测，同时用转录介导扩增技术（TMA）进行 HBV-DNA 、HCV-RNA 检测，人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）RNA 核酸检测。结果 NAT 检测阳性 ELISA 检测阴性标本共51份。51份标本有鉴别试验结果的33份，其中32份 HBV-DNA 阳性，1份 HIV-1 RNA 阳性，HIV-1 RNA 阳性的献血者经南京市疾病预防控制中心免疫印迹法确认为 HIV-1疑似阳性（gp160和 p24±）。半年后再次回访该献血者，抽取血样送南京市疾控中心经免疫印迹法确认为 HIV-1阳性（gp160、gp120、p66、p51、gp41、p31、p24、p17＋）。结论 NAT 技术可以减少由献血者感染“窗口期”及隐匿感染献血引起的疾病传播，从而减少输血风险。
목적：채취핵산검측（NAT ）기술진행혈액사사，감소유헌혈자감염“창구기”급은닉감염헌혈인기적질병전파。방법채용매련면역흡부법（ELISA）대54358빈헌혈자표본진행을형간염표면항원（HBsAg）、인류면역결함병독항체（항-HIV）、병형간염병독항체（HCV-Ab）검측，동시용전록개도확증기술（TMA）진행 HBV-DNA 、HCV-RNA 검측，인류면역결함병독1형（HIV-1）RNA 핵산검측。결과 NAT 검측양성 ELISA 검측음성표본공51빈。51빈표본유감별시험결과적33빈，기중32빈 HBV-DNA 양성，1빈 HIV-1 RNA 양성，HIV-1 RNA 양성적헌혈자경남경시질병예방공제중심면역인적법학인위 HIV-1의사양성（gp160화 p24±）。반년후재차회방해헌혈자，추취혈양송남경시질공중심경면역인적법학인위 HIV-1양성（gp160、gp120、p66、p51、gp41、p31、p24、p17＋）。결론 NAT 기술가이감소유헌혈자감염“창구기”급은닉감염헌혈인기적질병전파，종이감소수혈풍험。
Objective To explore the value of nucleic acid detection technology (NAT ) for blood screening to decrease the infection induced by blood donors in the window period and infected insidiously .Methods A total of 54 358 blood samples were detected by ELISA for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) ,antibody of human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV-Ab ) ,antibody of hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV ) ,and transcription-mediated amplification (TMA)method were used to detecte the DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV-DNA ) ,the RNA of hepatitis C virus (HCV-RNA)and the RNA of type 1 human immunodeficiency virus(HIV-1 RNA) .Results Fifty-one samples were positive by NAT ,but negative by ELISA .A total of 33 samples in these 51 samples were identified .The HBV-DNA of 32 donors were positive ,and the HIV-1 RNA of one donor was positive ,who was identified as suspected HIV-1 positive (gp160 and p24 ± ) by western blot method in Nanjing municipal center for disease control and prevention . Six months later ,this blood donor was identified as HIV-1 positive (gp160 ,gp120 ,p66 ,p51 ,gp41 ,p31 ,p24 ,p17 + ) by western blot method in Nanjing municipal center for disease control and prevention .Conclusion NAT could effec-tively decrease the infection induced by blood donors in the window period and infected insidiously ,so as to reduce the risk of blood transfusion .