CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解妇产科门诊患者生殖道感染情况及影响因素，为预防生殖道炎症提供依据。方法2012年12月至2013年11月北京天坛医院妇产科门诊就诊的妇科患者16048例，采集患者阴道分泌物，用生理盐水涂片法进行滴虫和假丝酵母菌检测，用唾液酸酶法进行细菌性阴道病（BV）的快速检测，并对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果 BV 、假丝酵母菌和滴虫的感染率分别为12．41％，8．11％和1．15％，3者间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。 BV 感染率在冬夏和冬秋两季比较，差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）；滴虫感染率在育龄期与更年期间比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；各临床分期间假丝酵母菌感染率比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；BV 感染率在育龄期与更年期间以及更年期与老年间比较，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。结论该院妇产科门诊病原体主要为 BV 和假丝酵母菌；夏秋两季妇女阴道 BV 感染率高。更年期妇女生殖道滴虫和 BV 的感染率高，育龄期妇女生殖道假丝酵母菌感染率高，不同季节、不同人群应做好相应的防护措施。
목적：료해부산과문진환자생식도감염정황급영향인소，위예방생식도염증제공의거。방법2012년12월지2013년11월북경천단의원부산과문진취진적부과환자16048례，채집환자음도분비물，용생리염수도편법진행적충화가사효모균검측，용타액산매법진행세균성음도병（BV）적쾌속검측，병대검측결과진행통계학분석。결과 BV 、가사효모균화적충적감염솔분별위12．41％，8．11％화1．15％，3자간비교차이유통계학의의（P＜0．01）。 BV 감염솔재동하화동추량계비교，차이균유통계학의의（P ＜0．05）；적충감염솔재육령기여경년기간비교，차이유통계학의의（P＜0．01）；각림상분기간가사효모균감염솔비교，차이유통계학의의（P＜0．01）；BV 감염솔재육령기여경년기간이급경년기여노년간비교，차이유통계학의의（P ＜0．01）。결론해원부산과문진병원체주요위 BV 화가사효모균；하추량계부녀음도 BV 감염솔고。경년기부녀생식도적충화 BV 적감염솔고，육령기부녀생식도가사효모균감염솔고，불동계절、불동인군응주호상응적방호조시。
Objective To investigate the infection status and influence factors of outpatients′ female genital tract in the department of gynaecology and obstetrics in Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical Uni -versity and provide reference for prevention .Methods A total of 16 048 samples of vaginal secretion were collected from Dec .2012 to Nov .2013 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University .Trichomonas and Candida mycoderma were detected by normal saline smear method ,and bacterial vaginosis(BV)was diagnosed by sial-idase technique .Results The infection rate of BV ,candida mycoderma and trichomonas of patients in the outpatient department of gynaecology and obstetrics were 12 .41% ,8 .11% and 1 .15% respectively ,the differences among the three infection rates were statistically significant (P< 0 .01) .The differences on infection rates of BV between winter and summer and between winter and autumn were both statistically significant (P< 0 .05) .The difference of infection rate of trichomonas between patrents in child-bearing period and in menopause was statistically significant (P < 0 . 01) .The differences of infection rate of candida mycoderma between any two clinical stages was statistically signifi -cant(P< 0 .01) .The differences of infection rates of BV between patients in child-bearing period and in menopause , between patients in menopause and in old age were statistically significant (P< 0 .01) .Conclusion In the outpatient department of gynaecology and obstetrics of Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University ,BV and candida mycoderma were the major pathogens ,the infection rates of BV were higher in summer and autumn .The infection rates of BV and trichomonas in menopausal female were higher ,and the infection rates of candida mycoder-ma in female in child-bearing period were higher .Different groups should make corresponding protective measures in different seasons .