动物营养学报
動物營養學報
동물영양학보
ACTA ZOONUTRIMENTA SINICA
2014年
11期
3307-3315
,共9页
仲崇亮%周建伟%刘浩%王力%龙瑞军
仲崇亮%週建偉%劉浩%王力%龍瑞軍
중숭량%주건위%류호%왕력%룡서군
牦牛%饲粮氮水平%氨态氮%尿素氮%预测模型
牦牛%飼糧氮水平%氨態氮%尿素氮%預測模型
모우%사량담수평%안태담%뇨소담%예측모형
yak%dietary nitrogen level%ammonia nitrogen%urea nitrogen%predicting model
本试验旨在探讨饲粮氮水平对牦牛体内不同部位氨态氮和尿素氮浓度的影响，以期了解牦牛机体对氮胁迫的适应性响应，并构建粗蛋白质进食量估测模型。采用4×4拉丁方设计，选取4头体重[（192±12） kg]相近的3岁去势健康牦牛。分4个试验期，每期21 d；4头牦牛分成4组，每组1头，分别饲喂4个氮水平的饲粮[以粗蛋白质水平（干物质基础）计，分别为6．45％、12．18％、17．81％和23．49％]。结果表明，1）瘤胃液氨态氮（ RNN）、血浆尿素氮（ PUN）、唾液尿素氮浓度以及尿中尿素氮（ UUN）、尿中氨态氮日排泄量均随着饲粮氮水平的升高而极显著增加（P＜0．01）；瘤胃液尿素氮（RUN）浓度有随着饲粮氮水平升高而增加的趋势（P＜0．10）。2） RNN、RUN和PUN浓度（ mg/dL）以及UUN日排泄量（ g/d）与牦牛饲粮蛋白质摄入水平密切相关，可建立以下估测牦牛粗蛋白质进食量（ CPI，g/d）和可消化粗蛋白质进食量（ DCPI，g/d）的模型：CPI＝174．102＋840．096RNN-3．068RNN2，CPI＝185．818＋47．744RNN＋22．258RUN；DCPI＝36．037UUN0．712，DCPI＝-0．789＋8．375UUN＋101．275PUN。综上，饲粮氮水平对牦牛体内氨态氮和尿素氮浓度具有广泛的影响，由此建立的估测模型可为牦牛的放牧和管理提供参考。
本試驗旨在探討飼糧氮水平對牦牛體內不同部位氨態氮和尿素氮濃度的影響，以期瞭解牦牛機體對氮脅迫的適應性響應，併構建粗蛋白質進食量估測模型。採用4×4拉丁方設計，選取4頭體重[（192±12） kg]相近的3歲去勢健康牦牛。分4箇試驗期，每期21 d；4頭牦牛分成4組，每組1頭，分彆飼餵4箇氮水平的飼糧[以粗蛋白質水平（榦物質基礎）計，分彆為6．45％、12．18％、17．81％和23．49％]。結果錶明，1）瘤胃液氨態氮（ RNN）、血漿尿素氮（ PUN）、唾液尿素氮濃度以及尿中尿素氮（ UUN）、尿中氨態氮日排洩量均隨著飼糧氮水平的升高而極顯著增加（P＜0．01）；瘤胃液尿素氮（RUN）濃度有隨著飼糧氮水平升高而增加的趨勢（P＜0．10）。2） RNN、RUN和PUN濃度（ mg/dL）以及UUN日排洩量（ g/d）與牦牛飼糧蛋白質攝入水平密切相關，可建立以下估測牦牛粗蛋白質進食量（ CPI，g/d）和可消化粗蛋白質進食量（ DCPI，g/d）的模型：CPI＝174．102＋840．096RNN-3．068RNN2，CPI＝185．818＋47．744RNN＋22．258RUN；DCPI＝36．037UUN0．712，DCPI＝-0．789＋8．375UUN＋101．275PUN。綜上，飼糧氮水平對牦牛體內氨態氮和尿素氮濃度具有廣汎的影響，由此建立的估測模型可為牦牛的放牧和管理提供參攷。
본시험지재탐토사량담수평대모우체내불동부위안태담화뇨소담농도적영향，이기료해모우궤체대담협박적괄응성향응，병구건조단백질진식량고측모형。채용4×4랍정방설계，선취4두체중[（192±12） kg]상근적3세거세건강모우。분4개시험기，매기21 d；4두모우분성4조，매조1두，분별사위4개담수평적사량[이조단백질수평（간물질기출）계，분별위6．45％、12．18％、17．81％화23．49％]。결과표명，1）류위액안태담（ RNN）、혈장뇨소담（ PUN）、타액뇨소담농도이급뇨중뇨소담（ UUN）、뇨중안태담일배설량균수착사량담수평적승고이겁현저증가（P＜0．01）；류위액뇨소담（RUN）농도유수착사량담수평승고이증가적추세（P＜0．10）。2） RNN、RUN화PUN농도（ mg/dL）이급UUN일배설량（ g/d）여모우사량단백질섭입수평밀절상관，가건립이하고측모우조단백질진식량（ CPI，g/d）화가소화조단백질진식량（ DCPI，g/d）적모형：CPI＝174．102＋840．096RNN-3．068RNN2，CPI＝185．818＋47．744RNN＋22．258RUN；DCPI＝36．037UUN0．712，DCPI＝-0．789＋8．375UUN＋101．275PUN。종상，사량담수평대모우체내안태담화뇨소담농도구유엄범적영향，유차건립적고측모형가위모우적방목화관리제공삼고。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary nitrogen level on ammonia nitrogen ( NN) and urea nitrogen ( UN) concentrations in different parts of yaks, learn the response of yaks on nitrogen threatening, and construct predicting models for crude protein intake. A 4×4 Latin square design was used, and four healthy 3-year-old castrated yaks with similar body weight [(192±12) kg] were selected. There were four periods with 21 days per period;four yaks were divided into four groups with 1 head per group, and were fed diets with different nitrogen levels, which were 6. 45%, 12. 18%, 17. 81% and 23. 49% ( calculated as crude protein levels, dry matter basis) , respectively. The results showed as follows, 1) with the increase of dietary nitrogen level, the concentrations of NN in rumen fluid ( RNN ) , plasma UN ( PUN ) , saliva UN ( SUN) , and the daily excretion of urinary UN ( UUN) and urinary NN were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01); however, UN in rumen fluid (RUN) only had a tendency to increase (P<0.10). 2) There was close correlation among the concentrations of RNN, RUN and PUN ( mg/dL) , UUN daily extraction ( g/d) , and dietary protein intake level of yaks. Predicting models for crude protein intake ( CPI, g/d) and digestible CPI (CPI, g/d) were as follows: CPI=174.102+840.096RNN-3.068RNN2, CPI=185.818+47.744RNN+22.258RUN; DCPI=36.037UUN0.712, DCPI=-0.789+8.375UUN+101.275PUN. In conclusion, dietary ni-trogen level has broad effects on NN and UN concentrations in yaks. Meanwhile, the predicting models devel-oped by the present study may provide some references for yaks’ farming and husbandry.
