CAJ | 학술논문

以三聚氰胺改性腰果酚基阻燃多元醇和异氰酸酯为主要原料，采用环戊烷为发泡剂，添加无卤阻燃膨胀型阻燃剂石墨（ EG）、匀泡剂等制备无卤阻燃生物基硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料。探讨结构阻燃型聚醚多元醇、阻燃剂的添加对生物基硬质聚氨酯泡沫的热性能、燃烧性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，随着阻燃剂的增加，导热系数和固化时间增加；添加相同阻燃剂的泡沫样品其阻燃性能随着添加量的增加而增加， EG 在提高氧指数方面优于聚磷酸铵（ APP ）和乙基膦酸二乙酯（ DEEP），固体阻燃剂APP和EG在增加力学性能、热稳定性方面较液体阻燃剂DEEP效果好。
이삼취청알개성요과분기조연다원순화이청산지위주요원료，채용배무완위발포제，첨가무서조연팽창형조연제석묵（ EG）、균포제등제비무서조연생물기경질취안지포말소료。탐토결구조연형취미다원순、조연제적첨가대생물기경질취안지포말적열성능、연소성능화역학성능적영향。결과표명，수착조연제적증가，도열계수화고화시간증가；첨가상동조연제적포말양품기조연성능수착첨가량적증가이증가， EG 재제고양지수방면우우취린산안（ APP ）화을기련산이을지（ DEEP），고체조연제APP화EG재증가역학성능、열은정성방면교액체조연제DEEP효과호。
Biomass-based halogen-free flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams were synthesized from mela-mine modified cardanol-based flame retardant polyol, isocyanate, blowing agent cyclopentane and halogen-free flame retardants expanded graphite ( EG ) , ammonium polyphosphate ( APP ) and diethyl ethylphosphonate ( DEEP) were analyzed. The main factors affecting the structure and mechanical, thermal stability and combustion properties of flame retardant rigid polyurethane foams were discussed, such as the structure of cardanol-based poly-ol, the amount and kind of flame retardants and so on. The results showed that the curing times and thermal con-ductivities of PUFs adding flame retardants DEEP, APP and EG were slightly increased, compared with non-flame retardant PUF. The flame retardant properties of the PUF samples increased with the amount of the same flame re-tardant. EG was better in improving limited oxygen index than DEEP and APP. The solid flame retardants APP and EG were better in increasing the mechanical properties, thermal stability than the liquid flame retardant DEEP.