CAJ | 학술논문

航天器需要分离装置实现空间分离功能，传统的火工品分离装置存在高冲击、高污染以及不可重复使用等缺点，形状记忆合金（shape memory alloy, SMA）可以有效解决传统火工品分离装置的不足。文章对国际上基于形状记忆合金的空间分离装置（shape memory alloy release device, SMARD）的研究现状进行了概述，对不同类型的 SMA 分离装置的研究进展加以介绍，进一步分析了用于微小卫星的分离装置研究进展；分别从承载能力、质量、体积、冲击性能、分离时间、重置性、兼容性七个方面对这些装置进行了分析对比，提出了进一步开发新型SMARD的建议，为SMARD的选择、设计和深入研究提供有益的参考。
항천기수요분리장치실현공간분리공능，전통적화공품분리장치존재고충격、고오염이급불가중복사용등결점，형상기억합금（shape memory alloy, SMA）가이유효해결전통화공품분리장치적불족。문장대국제상기우형상기억합금적공간분리장치（shape memory alloy release device, SMARD）적연구현상진행료개술，대불동류형적 SMA 분리장치적연구진전가이개소，진일보분석료용우미소위성적분리장치연구진전；분별종승재능력、질량、체적、충격성능、분리시간、중치성、겸용성칠개방면대저사장치진행료분석대비，제출료진일보개발신형SMARD적건의，위SMARD적선택、설계화심입연구제공유익적삼고。
Spacecraft need separation devices to realize space separation function. The traditional pyro-technic separation devices have the drawbacks of high shock, contamination and unavailability of reset. Appli-cation of shape memory alloys (SMA) in separation devices brings the dawn. In this article, the research status of shape memory alloy release device (SMARD) is summarized and different types of SMA separation device are introduced. These devices have been analyzed and compared in seven aspects including carrying capacity, mass, volume, impact characteristics, separation time, reset and compatibility, some suggestion on development of new type SMARD is proposed; The summary and analysis in this article provide some reference for selection, design and further research of SMARD.