CAJ | 학술논문

为了揭示茉莉花粉育性并为其活力检测提供一种高效方法，研究了取粉时间、基本培养基种类及不同添加物浓度、pH值、温度、光照、时间等因素对花粉离体培养萌发和花粉管生长的影响，并应用扫描电子显微镜观察了花粉在柱头上的萌发情况，以对检测方法进行验证。结果显示，早上8：00-9：00所取花粉活力最高，适宜萌发的培养基为BK（成分为100 mg/L的H3BO3、100 mg/L的KNO3、200 mg/L的MgSO4·7H2O和300 mg/L的Ca（NO3）2·4H2O）＋蔗糖80 g/L＋PEG4000120 g/L，适宜的pH值6．0，最佳培养温度为25～30℃、光照为35～50μmol/（ m2· s）、时间为3～4 h。相关性分析发现，花粉萌发和花粉管生长均与光照强度和培养时间呈极显著正相关（P＜0．01），与培养基pH值呈正相关、与蔗糖和PEG4000浓度均呈负相关、与培养温度分别呈负相关和正相关，但相关性均未达显著水平（P＞0．05）。研究表明，茉莉花粉总体上活力较低，离体培养萌发不失为一种简单、快速、可靠的检测方法，但应注意对培养条件的选择和优化以达到最佳效果。
위료게시말리화분육성병위기활력검측제공일충고효방법，연구료취분시간、기본배양기충류급불동첨가물농도、pH치、온도、광조、시간등인소대화분리체배양맹발화화분관생장적영향，병응용소묘전자현미경관찰료화분재주두상적맹발정황，이대검측방법진행험증。결과현시，조상8：00-9：00소취화분활력최고，괄의맹발적배양기위BK（성분위100 mg/L적H3BO3、100 mg/L적KNO3、200 mg/L적MgSO4·7H2O화300 mg/L적Ca（NO3）2·4H2O）＋자당80 g/L＋PEG4000120 g/L，괄의적pH치6．0，최가배양온도위25～30℃、광조위35～50μmol/（ m2· s）、시간위3～4 h。상관성분석발현，화분맹발화화분관생장균여광조강도화배양시간정겁현저정상관（P＜0．01），여배양기pH치정정상관、여자당화PEG4000농도균정부상관、여배양온도분별정부상관화정상관，단상관성균미체현저수평（P＞0．05）。연구표명，말리화분총체상활력교저，리체배양맹발불실위일충간단、쾌속、가고적검측방법，단응주의대배양조건적선택화우화이체도최가효과。
To reveal pollen viability in jasmine and provide an efficient method for the detecting ,the effects of sampling stage ,medium type ,concentrations of different additions ,pH value ,culture temperature ,light intensity and time on the pollen germination and pollen tube growth were investigated .Meanwhile ,the method was identified fur-ther through observing the pollen germinated on stigmas under scanning electron microscopy .The results showed that pollen of the highest viability should be collected at 8:00 -9:00 am, the optimal medium was BK ( Containing H3BO3100 mg/L,KNO3 100 mg/L,MgSO4·7H2O 200 mg/L and Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 300 mg/L) added with sucrose 80 g/L and PEG4000 120 g/L,with the suitable pH value of 6.0,temperature of 25-30 ℃,light intensity of 35-50 μmol/( m2· s) and culture time of 3-4 h.Correlation analysis showed that pollen germination and pollen tube growth were very significantly positively correlated with the indices of light intensity and culture time ( P<0 .01 ) , positively with the pH value ,negatively with the concentrations of sugar and PEG 4000 ,and negatively and positively with the temperature ,respectively ,at no significant levels ( P>0 .05 ) .The research shows that jasmine pollen has a low viability on the whole ,and germination in vivo was indeed a simple ,quick and reliable method to determine the viability .But much attention should be paid to the selection and optimization of culture conditions to obtain the best effectiveness .